abyss的词源
英文词源
- abyss
- abyss: [16] English borrowed abyss from late Latin abyssus, which in turn derived from Greek ábussos. This was an adjective meaning ‘bottomless’, from a- ‘not’ and bussós ‘bottom’, a dialectal variant of buthós (which is related to bathys ‘deep’, the source of English bathyscape). In Greek the adjective was used in the phrase ábussos limnē ‘bottomless lake’, but only the adjective was borrowed into Latin, bringing with it the meaning of the noun as well.
In medieval times, a variant form arose in Latin – abysmus. It incorporated the Greek suffix -ismós (English -ism). It is the source of French abîme, and was borrowed into English in the 13th century as abysm (whence the 19th-century derivative abysmal). It began to be ousted by abyss in the 16th century, however, and now has a distinctly archaic air.
- abyss (n.)
- late 14c., earlier abime (c. 1300, from a form in Old French), from Late Latin abyssus "bottomless pit," from Greek abyssos (limne) "bottomless (pool)," from a- "without" (see a- (2)) + byssos "bottom," possibly related to bathos "depth."
中文词源
abyss(无底洞):基督教中关押反叛天使的无底地狱
英语单词abyss源自希腊语abyssos,由否定前缀a-和byssos(底,bottom)组成,意为“无底洞”。
根据基督教的教义,上帝带圣子基督巡游天界,让众天使向圣子下跪参拜。天界中地位最高的天使长路西法Lucifer拒绝向人类出身的圣子基督臣服,率领三分之一的天使造反。经过三天的激战,圣子基督战胜反叛天使,将其打入永劫的无底洞abyss。除路西法外,所有反叛天使都被除名,蜕变为丑恶形象,只有路西法依然保持六翼天使的光辉形象。被打入无底洞的路西法就是后来的撒旦。
按照但丁在《神曲》中的描写,abyss位于地狱(inferno)的最底层,是关押恶魔和反叛天使的地方。在佛教中,八大地狱中的第八个地狱叫做“阿鼻地狱”,“阿鼻”的意思是“无间”,表示在该地狱中要承受永恒的痛苦,从不间断。abyss的发音与“阿鼻”很接近,一个表示基督教中的“无底地狱”,一个表示佛教中的“无间地狱”。
abyss:[ə'bɪs] n.无底洞,地狱,深渊。记:阿鼻地狱
abyssal:[ə'bɪsl] adj.深渊的,深海的,深不可测的
该词的英语词源请访问趣词词源英文版:abyss 词源,abyss 含义。
前缀a-, 没有。词根byss, 底,词源同base, 底,低下。
; Abyss 深渊
古人认为地底下是一个无底洞或深渊,亦即阴间所在,英语就称abyss。该词语源于希腊语abyssos,14世纪末通过拉丁语abyssus被借入英语,其字面意思为“无底的(bottomless)”。但若再进一步追根朔源,则可回溯到世界上现存最古老的书面语言苏美尔语(sumerian)中的一个词Abzu (原始海)。abyss经历了几个世纪,用到今天词义一直没有什么变化。
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来源于拉丁语abyssus, -i, m(深渊)
a-为否定前缀,词根byss表“底部,bottom”,可以和发音相近的单词base(底部)联想串记。字面义“没有底”。abyss of desperation(绝望的深渊)。