December的词源

英文词源

DecemberyoudaoicibaDictYouDict
December: [13] December was originally so named by the ancient Romans (Latin December) because it was the tenth month of their calendar (which began with March). The term was derived from Latin decem ‘ten’. It reached English via Old French decembre.
=> decimal, ten
December (n.)youdaoicibaDictYouDict
c. 1000, from Old French decembre, from Latin December, from decem "ten" (see ten); tenth month of the old Roman calendar, which began with March.

The -ber in four Latin month names is probably from -bris, an adjectival suffix. Tucker thinks that the first five months were named for their positions in the agricultural cycle, and "after the gathering in of the crops, the months were merely numbered."
If the word contains an element related to mensis, we must assume a *decemo-membris (from *-mensris). October must then be by analogy from a false pision Sep-tem-ber &c. Perhaps, however, from *de-cem(o)-mr-is, i.e. "forming the tenth part or pision," from *mer- ..., while October = *octuo-mr-is. [T.G. Tucker, "Etymological Dictionary of Latin"]

中文词源

December(十二月):罗马古历法的“十月”

当今世界通用的公历起源于古罗马历法。古罗马历法原来只有十个月,后来罗马皇帝增加了两个月,并将这两个月放在年初,成为一月和二月。原来的一月和二月便 成了三月和四月,后面的月份依次类推。12个月中,从1月到8月的每个月份都以神灵或皇帝的名字命名,只有9、10、11和12月依然保留原来以数字命名 的做法。

英语中,表示9月、10月、11月和12月的单词都直接来自拉丁语。September(9月)其实就是古罗马历法中的“七月”,其中的septem就是“七”的意思。October(10月)其实就是古罗马历法中的“八月”,其中的octo就是“八”的意思,含有该词根的英语单词还有:octpous(章鱼)、octonary(八进制的,八个一组)等。November(11月)其实就是古罗马历法中的“九月”,其中的novem就是“九”的意思。December(12月)其实就是古罗马历法中的“十月”,其中的decem就是“十”的意思。

September: [sep'tembə] n.九月

October:[ɒk'təʊbə] n.十月

November:[nə(ʊ)'vembə]n.十一月

December:[dɪ'sembə] n.十二月

该词的英语词源请访问趣词词源英文版:December 词源,December 含义。

December:十二月

来自decem-, 十,词源同ten.原指古罗马历的十月,后为使历法更科学,加入了January, February, 而原来的十月顺延到十二月。

December:十二月

借用于拉丁语December,是古罗马旧历中的第十个月,源于意为"十"的拉丁语decem, decimus。

同源词:decimal, decimate, dime, deci-, dean, decade, deca-, ten