Christ的词源
英文词源
- Christ (n.)
- title given to Jesus of Nazareth, Old English crist (by 830, perhaps 675), from Latin Christus, from Greek khristos "the anointed" (translation of Hebrew mashiah; see messiah), noun use of verbal adjective of khriein "to rub, anoint" (see chrism). The Latin term drove out Old English Hæland "healer, savior," as the preferred descriptive term for Jesus.
A title, treated as a proper name in Old English, but not regularly capitalized until 17c. Pronunciation with long -i- is result of Irish missionary work in England, 7c.-8c. The ch- form, regular since c. 1500 in English, was rare before. Capitalization of the word begins 14c. but is not fixed until 17c. The 17c. mystical sect of the Familists edged it toward a verb with Christed "made one with Christ."
中文词源
Christ(基督):基督教中的“救世主”
英语单词Christ源自希腊单词khristos,是对希伯来语mashiah的 意译。希伯来语mashiah的意思就是the anointed(被膏立者),大写的Mashiah用来特指上帝指派的救世主。从Mashiah经过希腊语、拉丁语直接产生了英语单词 Messiah(弥赛亚,救世主),而对mashiah的意译则产生了英语单词Christ(基督),其实它们同源同意,只是经历了不同的演变路径而已。 不过,Christ现在是基督教的专用名词,专指耶稣(Jesus),因为基督教相信他就是弥赛亚,是上帝的儿子,被上帝派来为世人赎罪的。而犹太教并不 承认耶稣是弥赛亚。相反,他们对自称“弥赛亚”的耶稣相当愤怒,认为是对上帝的亵渎。尤其是犹太教中掌权的祭司们,担心耶稣会剥夺他们的领导权,因此他们 率领愤怒的犹太暴民,向当时统治耶路撒冷的罗马总督施加压力,逼着他处死了耶稣。从此以后,基督教就和犹太教结下了梁子,犹太人成了基督教徒心目中杀害耶 稣的罪人,这就是基督教世界反犹太人思想的主要原因。
Christ:[kraɪst]n.基督,救世主,耶稣
Messiah:[mə'saɪə]n.弥赛亚,救世主
该词的英语词源请访问趣词词源英文版:Christ 词源,Christ 含义。
来自PIE*ghrei, 刮,涂,擦,词源同cream, christen. 即傅圣油者,通过仪式入教者。