Catholic的词源

英文词源

catholic

catholic: [14] Etymologically, the Catholic Church is the universal church, comprising all Christians. For catholic comes ultimately from a Greek word, katholikós, meaning ‘relating to all, general’. It was a derivative of kathólou, a compound formed from katá ‘relating to’ and hólos ‘whole’ (source of English holism and holistic). It passed into English via Old French catholique or ecclesiastical Latin catholicus. Its original meaning is preserved today in such contexts as ‘catholic tastes’ – that is, ‘wideranging tastes’.
=> holistic

catholic (adj.)

mid-14c., "of the doctrines of the ancient Church," literally "universally accepted," from French catholique, from Church Latin catholicus "universal, general," from Greek katholikos, from phrase kath' holou "on the whole, in general," from kata "about" + genitive of holos "whole" (see safe (adj.)). Applied to the Church in Rome c. 1554, after the Reformation began. General sense of "of interest to all, universal" is from 1550s.

Catholic (n.)

"member of the Roman Catholic church," 1560s, from Catholic (adj.).

中文词源

Catholic（天主教）：普遍的基督教

基督教大分裂后，以罗马为中心的西部教会自称为“罗马公教会”(The Roman Catholic Church)，其中的catholic是“普遍的，一般的”的意思，表示他们才是惟一真正的普世教会。罗马公教会于16世纪传入中国后，因其信徒将所崇奉的神称为"天主"，因而在中国被称为天主教。

天主教标榜“普世性”（catholic），所以宗教仪式相对简单，入教门槛较低，所以教众规模和分布范围远远超过东正教。

catholic： ['kæθlɪk] adj.普遍的，天主教的n.天主教，天主教徒

catholicism： [kə'θɔlisizəm]n.天主教，天主教义

catholicon： [kə'θɒlɪkən]n.灵丹妙药，万灵药

该词的英语词源请访问趣词词源英文版：Catholic 词源，Catholic 含义。

catholic：天主教的

发音释义：['kæθlɪk] adj.天主教的；普遍的n.天主教徒

结构分析：catholic = cat（往下、完全）+hol（全部的）+ic（形容词后缀）→普遍的→公教→罗马公教、天主教

词源解释：cat←希腊语kata（往下、完全）；hol←希腊语holos（全部）

同源词：whole（全部）

基督教大分裂后，以罗马为中心的西部教会自称为“罗马公教会”(The Roman Catholic Church)，其中的catholic是“普遍的，一般的”的意思，表示他们才是惟一真正的普世教会。罗马公教会于16世纪传入中国后，因其信徒将所崇奉的神称为"天主"，因而在中国被称为天主教。

衍生词：catholicity（普遍性、大公性、宽容）；Catholicism（天主教、罗马公教）

Catholic：天主教

cata-, 向下。-hol, 整个的，全部的，词源同holy, whole, hologram(全息图)。用于宗教术语，即无所不包的。