acetonitrile


  • 中文别名:乙腈
  • 中文释义:乙腈
  • 英文别名:acetonitrile;
    Acetonitrile;
    Acetonitril;
    CH3CN;
    ACN;
    Cyanomethan;
    usafek-488;
    NA 1648 
  • CAS No.:75-05-8
  • 分子式:C2H3N
  • 分子量:41.05190
  • 精确分子量:41.02650
  • PSA:23.79000
  • MDL:MFCD00001878
  • InChI:InChI=1/C2H3N/c1-2-3/h1H3
  • 分子结构式:

物化性质

外观与性状:
无色透明液体
密度:
0.786 g/mL
熔点:
−45 °C
沸点:
81-82 °C
闪点:
48 °F
水溶解性:
与水和多种有机溶剂互溶
折射率:
n20/D 1.344(lit.)
蒸汽密度:
1.41 (vs air)
存储条件/存储方法:
库房通风低温干燥,与氧化剂、酸类分开存放
稳定性相关:

1.化学性质:① 乙腈为稳定的化合物,不易氧化或还原,但碳氮之间为叁键,易发生加成反应。例如:

与卤化氢加成、与硫化氢加成、无机酸存在下与醇加成、与酸或酸酐加成、与羟胺加成。

② 在酸或碱存在下发生水解,生成酰胺,进一步水解生成酸。

③ 还原生成乙胺。

④ 与Grignard试剂反应,生成物经水解得到酮。

⑤ 乙腈能与金属钠、醇钠或氨基钠发生反应。

2.本品易燃,有毒。在空气中的爆炸范围为3.0%~16%(体积),工作场所乙腈最高容许浓度为70mg/m3。在乙腈饱和的空气中,大鼠停留4小时以上不致死亡,但对小鼠15分钟即可致死。乙腈的经口LD50,对大鼠为3.8g/kg,对小鼠为0.2g/kg。吸入乙腈蒸气或经皮肤吸收后会引起中毒,呈现恶心、呕吐、呼吸困难、极度乏力和意识模糊,血中氰化物及硫氰化物浓度增高,并出现蛋白尿等症状。如乙腈溅及皮肤,应用大量水冲洗,溅及眼内应用清水冲洗15分钟以上。如吸入乙腈或氰化物蒸气中毒应立即将人移至新鲜空气处,请医生诊治。生产设备应密闭,防止跑、冒、滴、漏,操作人员应穿戴防护用品。

3.稳定性[25] 稳定

4.禁配物[26] 酸类、碱类、强氧化剂、强还原剂、碱金属、硫酸、发烟硫酸、氯磺酸、过氯酸盐

5.聚合危害[27] 不聚合

6.分解产物[28] 氰化氢

其它信息:

1.性状:无色液体,有刺激性气味。[1]

2.熔点(℃):-45[2]

3.沸点(℃):81.6[3]

4.相对密度(水=1):0.79(15℃)[4]

5.相对蒸气密度(空气=1):1.42[5]

6.饱和蒸气压(kPa):13.33(27℃)[6]

7.燃烧热(kJ/mol):-1264.0[7]

8.临界温度(℃):274.7[8]

9.临界压力(MPa):4.83[9]

10.辛醇/水分配系数:-0.34[10]

11.闪点(℃):12.8(CC);6(OC)[11]

12.引燃温度(℃):524[12]

13.爆炸上限(%):16.0[13]

14.爆炸下限(%):3.0[14]

15.溶解性:与水混溶,溶于乙醇、乙醚等多数有机溶剂。[15]

16.相对密度(g/mL,20/4ºC):0.7822

17.相对密度(g/mL,25/4ºC):0.7766

18.相对密度(g/mL,30/4ºC):0.77125

19.折射率(20ºC):1.34411

20.折射率(25ºC):1.34163

21.黏度(mPa·s,15ºC):0.375

22.黏度(mPa·s,30ºC):0.325

23.蒸发热(KJ/kg,25ºC):33.25

24.蒸发热(KJ/kg,80.5ºC):29.84

25.熔化热(KJ/mol):8.17

26.生成热(KJ/mol,25ºC):51.50

27.燃烧热(KJ/mol,25ºC):1266.09

28.比热容(KJ/(kg·K),25ºC,定压):1.31

29.电导率(S/m,25ºC):6×10-10

30.体膨胀系数(K-1,20ºC):0.00137

安全信息

外观与性状:
无色透明液体
密度:
0.786 g/mL
熔点:
−45 °C
沸点:
81-82 °C
闪点:
48 °F
水溶解性:
与水和多种有机溶剂互溶
折射率:
n20/D 1.344(lit.)
蒸汽密度:
1.41 (vs air)
存储条件/存储方法:
库房通风低温干燥,与氧化剂、酸类分开存放
稳定性相关:

1.化学性质:① 乙腈为稳定的化合物,不易氧化或还原,但碳氮之间为叁键,易发生加成反应。例如:

与卤化氢加成、与硫化氢加成、无机酸存在下与醇加成、与酸或酸酐加成、与羟胺加成。

② 在酸或碱存在下发生水解,生成酰胺,进一步水解生成酸。

③ 还原生成乙胺。

④ 与Grignard试剂反应,生成物经水解得到酮。

⑤ 乙腈能与金属钠、醇钠或氨基钠发生反应。

2.本品易燃,有毒。在空气中的爆炸范围为3.0%~16%(体积),工作场所乙腈最高容许浓度为70mg/m3。在乙腈饱和的空气中,大鼠停留4小时以上不致死亡,但对小鼠15分钟即可致死。乙腈的经口LD50,对大鼠为3.8g/kg,对小鼠为0.2g/kg。吸入乙腈蒸气或经皮肤吸收后会引起中毒,呈现恶心、呕吐、呼吸困难、极度乏力和意识模糊,血中氰化物及硫氰化物浓度增高,并出现蛋白尿等症状。如乙腈溅及皮肤,应用大量水冲洗,溅及眼内应用清水冲洗15分钟以上。如吸入乙腈或氰化物蒸气中毒应立即将人移至新鲜空气处,请医生诊治。生产设备应密闭,防止跑、冒、滴、漏,操作人员应穿戴防护用品。

3.稳定性[25] 稳定

4.禁配物[26] 酸类、碱类、强氧化剂、强还原剂、碱金属、硫酸、发烟硫酸、氯磺酸、过氯酸盐

5.聚合危害[27] 不聚合

6.分解产物[28] 氰化氢

其它信息:

1.性状:无色液体,有刺激性气味。[1]

2.熔点(℃):-45[2]

3.沸点(℃):81.6[3]

4.相对密度(水=1):0.79(15℃)[4]

5.相对蒸气密度(空气=1):1.42[5]

6.饱和蒸气压(kPa):13.33(27℃)[6]

7.燃烧热(kJ/mol):-1264.0[7]

8.临界温度(℃):274.7[8]

9.临界压力(MPa):4.83[9]

10.辛醇/水分配系数:-0.34[10]

11.闪点(℃):12.8(CC);6(OC)[11]

12.引燃温度(℃):524[12]

13.爆炸上限(%):16.0[13]

14.爆炸下限(%):3.0[14]

15.溶解性:与水混溶,溶于乙醇、乙醚等多数有机溶剂。[15]

16.相对密度(g/mL,20/4ºC):0.7822

17.相对密度(g/mL,25/4ºC):0.7766

18.相对密度(g/mL,30/4ºC):0.77125

19.折射率(20ºC):1.34411

20.折射率(25ºC):1.34163

21.黏度(mPa·s,15ºC):0.375

22.黏度(mPa·s,30ºC):0.325

23.蒸发热(KJ/kg,25ºC):33.25

24.蒸发热(KJ/kg,80.5ºC):29.84

25.熔化热(KJ/mol):8.17

26.生成热(KJ/mol,25ºC):51.50

27.燃烧热(KJ/mol,25ºC):1266.09

28.比热容(KJ/(kg·K),25ºC,定压):1.31

29.电导率(S/m,25ºC):6×10-10

30.体膨胀系数(K-1,20ºC):0.00137

毒理性

CHEMICAL IDENTIFICATION

RTECS NUMBER :
AL7700000
CHEMICAL NAME :
Acetonitrile
CAS REGISTRY NUMBER :
75-05-8
LAST UPDATED :
199806
DATA ITEMS CITED :
78
MOLECULAR FORMULA :
C2-H3-N
MOLECULAR WEIGHT :
41.06
WISWESSER LINE NOTATION :
NC1

HEALTH HAZARD DATA

ACUTE TOXICITY DATA

TYPE OF TEST :
Open irritation test
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Administration onto the skin
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rabbit
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Human - child
DOSE/DURATION :
800 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Behavioral - hallucinations, distorted perceptions Behavioral - convulsions or effect on seizure threshold Gastrointestinal - nausea or vomiting
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Human - man
DOSE/DURATION :
571 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Behavioral - convulsions or effect on seizure threshold Gastrointestinal - nausea or vomiting Nutritional and Gross Metabolic - metabolic acidosis
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Human - man
DOSE/DURATION :
64 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Behavioral - excitement
TYPE OF TEST :
TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Inhalation
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Human
DOSE/DURATION :
160 ppm/4H
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - other changes
TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION :
2460 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
TYPE OF TEST :
LC50 - Lethal concentration, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Inhalation
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION :
7551 ppm/8H
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Behavioral - altered sleep time (including change in righting reflex) Behavioral - convulsions or effect on seizure threshold Blood - hemorrhage
TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Intraperitoneal
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION :
850 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Subcutaneous
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION :
3500 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Intravenous
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION :
1680 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Parenteral
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION :
1100 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION :
269 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
TYPE OF TEST :
LC50 - Lethal concentration, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Inhalation
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION :
2693 ppm/1H
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Liver - other changes
TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Intraperitoneal
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION :
175 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Sense Organs and Special Senses (Eye) - corneal damage Behavioral - ataxia Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - dyspnea
TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Subcutaneous
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION :
4480 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Intravenous
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION :
612 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
TYPE OF TEST :
LCLo - Lowest published lethal concentration
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Inhalation
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Mammal - dog
DOSE/DURATION :
16000 ppm/4H
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Mammal - cat
DOSE/DURATION :
200 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
TYPE OF TEST :
LC50 - Lethal concentration, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Inhalation
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Mammal - cat
DOSE/DURATION :
18 gm/m3
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rabbit
DOSE/DURATION :
50 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
TYPE OF TEST :
LC50 - Lethal concentration, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Inhalation
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rabbit
DOSE/DURATION :
2828 ppm/4H
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Behavioral - altered sleep time (including change in righting reflex) Behavioral - convulsions or effect on seizure threshold Blood - hemorrhage
TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Administration onto the skin
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rabbit
DOSE/DURATION :
1250 uL/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
TYPE OF TEST :
LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Subcutaneous
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rabbit
DOSE/DURATION :
105 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - guinea pig
DOSE/DURATION :
177 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
TYPE OF TEST :
LC50 - Lethal concentration, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Inhalation
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - guinea pig
DOSE/DURATION :
5655 ppm/4H
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Behavioral - altered sleep time (including change in righting reflex) Behavioral - convulsions or effect on seizure threshold Blood - hemorrhage
TYPE OF TEST :
LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Subcutaneous
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Amphibian - frog
DOSE/DURATION :
9100 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Peripheral Nerve and Sensation - spastic paralysis with or without sensory change Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - dyspnea
TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Mammal - species unspecified
DOSE/DURATION :
1670 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
TYPE OF TEST :
TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Inhalation
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION :
655 ppm/7H/90D-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - chronic pulmonary edema Liver - other changes Kidney, Ureter, Bladder - changes in tubules (including acute renal failure, acute tubular necrosis)
TYPE OF TEST :
TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Inhalation
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION :
800 ppm/6H/13W-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Behavioral - somnolence (general depressed activity) Behavioral - ataxia Related to Chronic Data - death
TYPE OF TEST :
TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Inhalation
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION :
800 ppm/6H/13W-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Behavioral - somnolence (general depressed activity) Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - chronic pulmonary edema Related to Chronic Data - death
TYPE OF TEST :
TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Inhalation
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Mammal - dog
DOSE/DURATION :
350 ppm/7H/91D-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Nutritional and Gross Metabolic - weight loss or decreased weight gain
TYPE OF TEST :
TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Inhalation
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Primate - monkey
DOSE/DURATION :
350 ppm/7H/91D-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Brain and Coverings - changes in circulation (hemorrhage, thrombosis, etc.) Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - emphysema Blood - changes in erythrocyte (RBC) count
TYPE OF TEST :
TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Inhalation
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION :
400 ppm/6H/2Y-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Tumorigenic - equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteria Liver - tumors
TYPE OF TEST :
TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Inhalation
DOSE :
1800 ppm/6H
SEX/DURATION :
female 6-20 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Fertility - post-implantation mortality (e.g. dead and/or resorbed implants per total number of implants)
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
DOSE :
300 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION :
female 8 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - musculoskeletal system
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
DOSE :
400 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION :
female 8 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Fertility - post-implantation mortality (e.g. dead and/or resorbed implants per total number of implants)
TYPE OF TEST :
TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Inhalation
DOSE :
5000 ppm/1H
SEX/DURATION :
female 8 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Fertility - post-implantation mortality (e.g. dead and/or resorbed implants per total number of implants) Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - Central Nervous System
TYPE OF TEST :
TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Inhalation
DOSE :
8000 ppm/1H
SEX/DURATION :
female 8 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus) Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - musculoskeletal system
TYPE OF TEST :
Sex chromosome loss and nondisjunction

MUTATION DATA

TYPE OF TEST :
Sister chromatid exchange
TEST SYSTEM :
Rodent - hamster Ovary
REFERENCE :
EMMUEG Environmental and Molecular Mutagenesis. (Alan R. Liss, Inc., 41 E. 11th St., New York, NY 10003) V.10- 1987- Volume(issue)/page/year: 10(Suppl 10),1,1987 *** REVIEWS *** ACGIH TLV-Not classifiable as a human carcinogen DTLVS* The Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) booklet issues by American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH), Cincinnati, OH, 1996 Volume(issue)/page/year: TLV/BEI,1997 ACGIH TLV-STEL 101 mg/m3 (60 ppm) DTLVS* The Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) booklet issues by American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH), Cincinnati, OH, 1996 Volume(issue)/page/year: TLV/BEI,1997 ACGIH TLV-TWA 67 mg/m3 (40 ppm) DTLVS* The Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) booklet issues by American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH), Cincinnati, OH, 1996 Volume(issue)/page/year: TLV/BEI,1997 TOXICOLOGY REVIEW SAIGBL Sangyo Igaku. Japanese Journal of Industrial Health. (Nippon Sangyo Eisei Igakkai, Kosu Eisei Bldg., 1-29-8, Shinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160, Japan) V.1- 1959- Volume(issue)/page/year: 33,463,1991 *** U.S. STANDARDS AND REGULATIONS *** MSHA STANDARD-air:TWA 40 ppm (70 mg/m3) DTLVS* The Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) booklet issues by American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH), Cincinnati, OH, 1996 Volume(issue)/page/year: 3,3,1971 OSHA PEL (Gen Indu):8H TWA 40 ppm (70 mg/m3) CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year: 29,1910.1000,1994 OSHA PEL (Construc):8H TWA 40 ppm (70 mg/m3) CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year: 29,1926.55,1994 OSHA PEL (Shipyard):8H TWA 40 ppm (70 mg/m3) CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year: 29,1915.1000,1993 OSHA PEL (Fed Cont):8H TWA 40 ppm (70 mg/m3) CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year: 41,50-204.50,1994 *** OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE LIMITS *** OEL-ARAB Republic of Egypt:TWA 40 ppm (70 mg/m3);Skin JAN 1993 OEL-AUSTRALIA:TWA 40 ppm (70 mg/m3);STEL 60 ppm ;Skin JAN 1993 OEL-AUSTRIA:TWA 40 ppm (70 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-BELGIUM:TWA 40 ppm (67 mg/m3);STEL 60 ppm (101 mg/m3);Skin JAN 1993 OEL-DENMARK:TWA 40 ppm (70 mg/m3);STEL 60 ppm (105 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-FINLAND:TWA 40 ppm (70 mg/m3);STEL 60 ppm (105 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-FRANCE:TWA 40 ppm (70 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-GERMANY:TWA 40 ppm (70 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-HUNGARY:TWA 50 mg/m3;STEL 100 mg/m3;Skin JAN 1993 OEL-THE NETHERLANDS:TWA 40 ppm (70 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-THE PHILIPPINES:TWA 40 ppm (70 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-RUSSIA:STEL 10 mg/m3 JAN 1993 OEL-SWITZERLAND:TWA 40 ppm (70 mg/m3);STEL 80 ppm ;Skin JAN 1993 OEL-TURKEY:TWA 40 ppm (70 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-UNITED KINGDOM:TWA 40 ppm (70 mg/m3);STEL 60 ppm JAN 1993 OEL IN BULGARIA, COLOMBIA, JORDAN, KOREA check ACGIH TLV OEL IN NEW ZEALAND, SINGAPORE, VIETNAM check ACGIH TLV *** NIOSH STANDARDS DEVELOPMENT AND SURVEILLANCE DATA ***NIOSH RECOMMENDED EXPOSURE LEVEL (REL) : NIOSH REL TO ACETONITRILE-air:10H TWA 20 ppmREFERENCE : NIOSH* National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, U.S. Dept. of Health, Education, and Welfare, Reports and Memoranda. Volume(issue)/page/year: DHHS #92-100,1992NIOSH OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE SURVEY DATA : NOHS - National Occupational Hazard Survey (1974) NOHS Hazard Code - 02900 No. of Facilities: 302 (estimated) No. of Industries: 9 No. of Occupations: 25 No. of Employees: 28201 (estimated) NOES - National Occupational Exposure Survey (1983) NOES Hazard Code - 02900 No. of Facilities: 1172 (estimated) No. of Industries: 19 No. of Occupations: 27 No. of Employees: 31341 (estimated) No. of Female Employees: 7975 (estimated)
毒理学数据:

1.急性毒性[16]

LD50:2460mg/kg(大鼠经口);1250mg/kg(兔经皮)

LC50:7551ppm(大鼠吸入,8h)

2.刺激性[17]家兔经皮:500mg,轻度刺激(开放性刺激试验)

3.亚急性与慢性毒性[18]猫吸入其蒸气7mg/m3,每天4h,共6个月,在染毒后1个月,条件反射开始破坏。病理检查见肝、肾和肺病理改变。

4.致突变性[19]性染色体缺失和不分离:酿酒酵母菌47600ppm。姐妹染色单体交换:仓鼠卵巢5g/L。

5.致畸性[20]仓鼠孕后8d吸入最低中毒剂量(TCLo)5000ppm(1h),致中枢神经系统发育畸形。仓鼠孕后8d吸入最低中毒剂量(TCLo)8000ppm(1h),致肌肉骨骼系统发育畸形。

6.其他[21]仓鼠经口最低中毒剂量(TDLo):300mg/kg(孕8d),引起肌肉骨骼发育异常。

生态数据:

1.生态毒性[22]LC50:1640mg/L(96h)(黑头呆鱼)

2.生物降解性[23]

好氧生物降解性(h):168~672

厌氧生物降解性(h):672~2688

3.非生物降解性[24]

水中光氧化半衰期(h):2.80×106~1.10×108

空气中光氧化半衰期(h):1299~12991

一级水解半衰期(h):>150000a

MSDS

第一部分:化学品名称

海关数据

中国海关编码:2926909090

概述:
2926909090 其他腈基化合物. 增值税率:17.0% 退税率:9.0% 监管条件:无 最惠国关税:6.5% 普通关税:30.0%
申报要素:
品名, 成分含量, 用途
摘要/Summary:
HS:2926909090 other nitrile-function compounds VAT:17.0% Tax rebate rate:9.0% Supervision conditions:none MFN tariff:6.5% General tariff:30.0%

分子结构与计算化学数据

分子结构数据

1、摩尔折射率:11.22

2、摩尔体积(cm3/mol):54.9

3、等张比容(90.2K):120.0

4、表面张力(dyne/cm):22.7

5、极化率(10-24cm3):4.45

计算化学数据

1、疏水参数计算参考值(XlogP):0

2、氢键供体数量:0

3、氢键受体数量:1

4、可旋转化学键数量:0

5、互变异构体数量:

6、拓扑分子极性表面积(TPSA):23.8

7、重原子数量:3

8、表面电荷:0

9、复杂度:29.3

10、同位素原子数量:0

11、确定原子立构中心数量:0

12、不确定原子立构中心数量:0

13、确定化学键立构中心数量:0

14、不确定化学键立构中心数量:0

15、共价键单元数量:1

热门化工词典词汇