malathion


  • 中文别名:马拉硫磷
  • 中文释义:马拉硫磷;马拉松;防虫磷;粮泰安;O,O-二甲基-S-[1,2-二(乙氧基羰基)乙基]二硫代磷酸酯;粮虫净
  • 英文别名:malathion;
    flair;
    Fog 3;
    Etiol;
    diethyl (dimethoxyphosphinothioylthio)succinate;
    Malathion;
    maldison;
    carbophos;
    rac-diethyl (2R)-2-[(dimethoxyphosphorothioyl)sulfanyl]butanedioate;
    S-1,2-bis(ethoxycarbonyl)ethyl O,O-dimethyl phosphorodithioate;
    diethyl 2-[(dimethoxyphosphinothioyl)thio]butanedioate;
    mercaptothion;
    SF 60;
    8059HC 
  • CAS No.:121-75-5
  • 分子式:

    C10H19O6PS2

  • 分子量:330.35800
  • 精确分子量:330.03600
  • PSA:138.26000
  • MDL:MFCD00036233
  • InChI:InChI=1/C10H19O6PS2/c1-5-15-9(11)7-8(10(12)16-6-2)19-17(18,13-3)14-4/h8H,5-7H2,1-4H3/t8-/m0/s1
  • 分子结构式:

物化性质

外观与性状:
深棕色至黄色液体
密度:
1.2076
熔点:
2.85°C
沸点:
156°C
闪点:
-18 °C
水溶解性:
0.0145 g/100 mL
折射率:
1.508
蒸汽压:
3.9E-06mmHg at 25°C
存储条件/存储方法:
库房通风低温干燥,与氧化剂、食品添加剂分开存放
稳定性相关:

1.稳定性[18] 稳定

2.禁配物[19] 强氧化剂、碱类

3.避免接触的条件[20] 受热

4.聚合危害[21] 不聚合

5.分解产物[22] 氧化磷、氧化硫

其它信息:

1.性状:无色至淡黄色油状液体,有蒜恶臭,工业品带深褐色。[1]

2.熔点(℃):2.9~3.0[2]

3.沸点(℃):156~157(0.09kPa)[3]

4.相对密度(水=1):1.23(25℃)[4]

5.饱和蒸气压(kPa):1.43(156℃)[][5]

6.辛醇/水分配系数:2.36[6]

7.闪点(℃):>162(OC);163(CC)[7]

8.溶解性:微溶于水,易溶于醇、醚、酮等多数有机溶剂。[8]

安全信息

外观与性状:
深棕色至黄色液体
密度:
1.2076
熔点:
2.85°C
沸点:
156°C
闪点:
-18 °C
水溶解性:
0.0145 g/100 mL
折射率:
1.508
蒸汽压:
3.9E-06mmHg at 25°C
存储条件/存储方法:
库房通风低温干燥,与氧化剂、食品添加剂分开存放
稳定性相关:

1.稳定性[18] 稳定

2.禁配物[19] 强氧化剂、碱类

3.避免接触的条件[20] 受热

4.聚合危害[21] 不聚合

5.分解产物[22] 氧化磷、氧化硫

其它信息:

1.性状:无色至淡黄色油状液体,有蒜恶臭,工业品带深褐色。[1]

2.熔点(℃):2.9~3.0[2]

3.沸点(℃):156~157(0.09kPa)[3]

4.相对密度(水=1):1.23(25℃)[4]

5.饱和蒸气压(kPa):1.43(156℃)[][5]

6.辛醇/水分配系数:2.36[6]

7.闪点(℃):>162(OC);163(CC)[7]

8.溶解性:微溶于水,易溶于醇、醚、酮等多数有机溶剂。[8]

毒理性

CHEMICAL IDENTIFICATION

RTECS NUMBER :
WM8400000
CHEMICAL NAME :
Succinic acid, mercapto-, diethyl ester, S-ester with O,O-dimethylphosphorodithioate
CAS REGISTRY NUMBER :
121-75-5
BEILSTEIN REFERENCE NO. :
1804525
LAST UPDATED :
199712
DATA ITEMS CITED :
131
MOLECULAR FORMULA :
C10-H19-O6-P-S2
MOLECULAR WEIGHT :
330.38
WISWESSER LINE NOTATION :
2OV1YVO2&SPS&O1&O1

HEALTH HAZARD DATA

ACUTE TOXICITY DATA

TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Human - woman
DOSE/DURATION :
200 uL/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Behavioral - coma Gastrointestinal - changes in structure or function of endocrine pancreas Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - respiratory depression
TYPE OF TEST :
LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Human - man
DOSE/DURATION :
471 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Behavioral - coma Vascular - BP lowering not characterized in autonomic section Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - dyspnea
TYPE OF TEST :
LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Human - woman
DOSE/DURATION :
246 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Vascular - BP lowering not characterized in autonomic section Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - chronic pulmonary edema Skin and Appendages - dermatitis, other (after systemic exposure)
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Human - woman
DOSE/DURATION :
300 uL/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Behavioral - coma Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - structural or functional change in trachea or bronchi Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - cyanosis
TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION :
290 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
TYPE OF TEST :
LC50 - Lethal concentration, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Inhalation
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION :
43790 ug/m3/4H
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Administration onto the skin
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION :
>4444 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Intraperitoneal
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION :
250 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Subcutaneous
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION :
400 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Sense Organs and Special Senses (Eye) - lacrimation Behavioral - muscle contraction or spasticity Biochemical - Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels - true cholinesterase
TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Intravenous
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION :
50 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Unreported
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION :
450 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION :
190 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Administration onto the skin
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION :
2330 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Intraperitoneal
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION :
193 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Subcutaneous
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION :
221 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Biochemical - Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels - reactivates cholinesterase
TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Intravenous
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION :
184 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Unreported
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION :
375 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Intraperitoneal
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Mammal - dog
DOSE/DURATION :
1857 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
TYPE OF TEST :
LCLo - Lowest published lethal concentration
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Inhalation
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Mammal - cat
DOSE/DURATION :
10 mg/m3/4H
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
TYPE OF TEST :
LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Intraarterial
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Mammal - cat
DOSE/DURATION :
1820 ug/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
TYPE OF TEST :
LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rabbit
DOSE/DURATION :
1200 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - respiratory stimulation
TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Administration onto the skin
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rabbit
DOSE/DURATION :
4100 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Subcutaneous
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rabbit
DOSE/DURATION :
280 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Sense Organs and Special Senses (Eye) - lacrimation Behavioral - muscle contraction or spasticity Biochemical - Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels - true cholinesterase
TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - guinea pig
DOSE/DURATION :
570 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Administration onto the skin
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - guinea pig
DOSE/DURATION :
6700 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Intraperitoneal
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - guinea pig
DOSE/DURATION :
271 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Subcutaneous
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - guinea pig
DOSE/DURATION :
450 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Sense Organs and Special Senses (Eye) - lacrimation Behavioral - muscle contraction or spasticity Biochemical - Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels - true cholinesterase
TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Intraperitoneal
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - hamster
DOSE/DURATION :
2400 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Bird - chicken
DOSE/DURATION :
600 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Behavioral - food intake (animal)
TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Bird - duck
DOSE/DURATION :
1485 ug/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Mammal - domestic
DOSE/DURATION :
500 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Mammal - cattle
DOSE/DURATION :
53 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Peripheral Nerve and Sensation - fasciculations Behavioral - convulsions or effect on seizure threshold Behavioral - rigidity (including catalepsy)
TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Unreported
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Mammal - cattle
DOSE/DURATION :
53 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Behavioral - convulsions or effect on seizure threshold Behavioral - excitement Behavioral - changes in motor activity (specific assay)
TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Unreported
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Mammal - species unspecified
DOSE/DURATION :
500 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Bird - wild bird species
DOSE/DURATION :
400 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION :
2250 mg/kg/45D-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Gastrointestinal - other changes Biochemical - Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels - phosphatases Biochemical - Metabolism (Intermediary) - amino acids (including renal excretion)
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION :
1050 mg/kg/21D-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Liver - other changes Biochemical - Metabolism (Intermediary) - amino acids (including renal excretion)
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION :
3358 mg/kg/14D-C
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Behavioral - fluid intake Blood - change in clotting factors
TYPE OF TEST :
TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Inhalation
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION :
2300 ug/m3/4H/13W-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Endocrine - other changes Blood - changes in other cell count (unspecified) Biochemical - Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels - true cholinesterase
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Intraperitoneal
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION :
1050 mg/kg/7D-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Brain and Coverings - other degenerative changes Behavioral - somnolence (general depressed activity) Biochemical - Metabolism (Intermediary) - lipids including transport
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Subcutaneous
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION :
16800 mg/kg/24W-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Biochemical - Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels - true cholinesterase Related to Chronic Data - death
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Mammal - dog
DOSE/DURATION :
210 mg/kg/12W-C
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Biochemical - Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels - true cholinesterase
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Mammal - dog
DOSE/DURATION :
175 mg/kg/4W-C
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Blood - other changes Biochemical - Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels - true cholinesterase
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Subcutaneous
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rabbit
DOSE/DURATION :
11760 mg/kg/24W-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Biochemical - Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels - true cholinesterase Related to Chronic Data - death
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Subcutaneous
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - guinea pig
DOSE/DURATION :
18900 mg/kg/24W-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Biochemical - Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels - true cholinesterase Related to Chronic Data - death
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
DOSE :
5550 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION :
female 91 day(s) pre-mating female 1-20 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - body wall
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
DOSE :
43920 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION :
multigenerations
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - weaning or lactation index (e.g., # alive at weaning per # alive at day 4) Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - growth statistics (e.g.%, reduced weight gain) Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - other postnatal measures or effects
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
DOSE :
191 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION :
female 9 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Fertility - post-implantation mortality (e.g. dead and/or resorbed implants per total number of implants)
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
DOSE :
283 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION :
female 9 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - urogenital system
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Unreported
DOSE :
80 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION :
male 2 day(s) pre-mating
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Paternal Effects - spermatogenesis (incl. genetic material, sperm morphology, motility, and count) Reproductive - Paternal Effects - testes, epididymis, sperm duct
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
DOSE :
540 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION :
female 28-30 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - other effects to embryo
TYPE OF TEST :
Specific locus test
TYPE OF TEST :
Dominant lethal test
TYPE OF TEST :
Cytogenetic analysis
TYPE OF TEST :
Mutation test systems - not otherwise specified
TYPE OF TEST :
Cytogenetic analysis
TYPE OF TEST :
Cytogenetic analysis
TYPE OF TEST :
Cytogenetic analysis
TYPE OF TEST :
Cytogenetic analysis

MUTATION DATA

TYPE OF TEST :
Cytogenetic analysis
TEST SYSTEM :
Mammal - species unspecified Lymphocyte
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(U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) V.1- 1936- Volume(issue)/page/year: 54,7740,1989 MSHA STANDARD-air:TWA 10 mg/m3 (skin) DTLVS* The Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) booklet issues by American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH), Cincinnati, OH, 1996 Volume(issue)/page/year: 3,148,1971 OSHA PEL (Gen Indu):8H TWA 15 mg/m3 (skin), total dust CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year: 29,1910.1000,1994 OSHA PEL (Construc):8H TWA 15 mg/m3 (skin), total dust CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year: 29,1926.55,1994 OSHA PEL (Shipyard):8H TWA 15 mg/m3 (skin), total dust CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year: 29,1915.1000,1993 OSHA PEL (Fed Cont):8H TWA 15 mg/m3 (skin) CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year: 41,50-204.50,1994 *** OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE LIMITS *** OEL-ARAB Republic of Egypt:TWA 10 mg/m3;Skin JAN 1993 OEL-AUSTRALIA:TWA 10 mg/m3;Skin JAN 1993 OEL-AUSTRIA:TWA 15 mg/m3 JAN 1993 OEL-BELGIUM:TWA 10 mg/m3;Skin JAN 1993 OEL-DENMARK:TWA 5 mg/m3;Skin JAN 1993 OEL-FINLAND:TWA 10 mg/m3;STEL 20 mg/m3 JAN 1993 OEL-FRANCE:TWA 10 mg/m3;Skin JAN 1993 OEL-GERMANY:TWA 15 mg/m3 JAN 1993 OEL-JAPAN:TWA 10 mg/m3;Skin JAN 1993 OEL-THE NETHERLANDS:TWA 10 mg/m3;Skin JAN 1993 OEL-THE PHILIPPINES:TWA 15 mg/m3;Skin JAN 1993 OEL-POLAND:TWA 15 mg/m3 JAN 1993 OEL-RUSSIA:STEL 0.5 mg/m3;Skin JAN 1993 OEL-SWITZERLAND:TWA 10 mg/m3;Skin JAN 1993 OEL-THAILAND:TWA 15 mg/m3 JAN 1993 OEL-TURKEY:TWA 15 mg/m3;Skin JAN 1993 OEL-UNITED KINGDOM:TWA 10 mg/m3;Skin JAN 1993 OEL IN BULGARIA, COLOMBIA, JORDAN, KOREA check ACGIH TLV OEL IN NEW ZEALAND, SINGAPORE, VIETNAM check ACGIH TLV *** NIOSH STANDARDS DEVELOPMENT AND SURVEILLANCE DATA ***NIOSH RECOMMENDED EXPOSURE LEVEL (REL) : NIOSH REL TO MALATHION-air:10H TWA 10 mg/m3 (Sk)REFERENCE : NIOSH* National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, U.S. Dept. of Health, Education, and Welfare, Reports and Memoranda. Volume(issue)/page/year: DHHS #92-100,1992NIOSH OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE SURVEY DATA : NOHS - National Occupational Hazard Survey (1974) NOHS Hazard Code - 80046 No. of Facilities: 1609 (estimated) No. of Industries: 13 No. of Occupations: 14 No. of Employees: 17242 (estimated) NOES - National Occupational Exposure Survey (1983) NOES Hazard Code - 80046 No. of Facilities: 2146 (estimated) No. of Industries: 15 No. of Occupations: 18 No. of Employees: 19170 (estimated) No. of Female Employees: 1909 (estimated)
毒理学数据:

1.急性毒性[9]

LD50:1800mg/kg(大鼠经口)

LC50:84.6mg/m3(大鼠吸入,4h)

2.刺激性暂无资料

3.亚急性与慢性毒性[10]慢性毒性很低,用含本品5000ppm饲料饲养大鼠2a,不出现死亡。

4.致突变性[11]微生物致突变:鼠伤寒沙门菌10mg/L;枯草菌1nmol/皿;其他微生物100mg/L。姐妹染色单体交换:人类淋巴细胞20mg/L;人类成纤维细胞5mg/L。

5.致畸性[12]大鼠交配前91d到孕后1~20d,经口给予最低中毒剂量(TDLo)5550mg/kg,致体壁发育畸形。大鼠孕后9d经口给予最低中毒剂量(TDLo)283mg/kg,致泌尿生殖系统发育畸形。

6.致癌性[13]IARC致癌性评论:组3,现有的证据不能对人类致癌性进行分类。

7.其他[14]大鼠经口最低中毒剂量(TDLo):5550mg/kg(孕91d/1~20d),致体壁发育异常。大鼠经口最低中毒剂量(TDLo):283mg/kg(孕9d),泌尿生殖系统异常。

生态数据:

1.生态毒性[15]

LC50:0.027~3.2mg/L(96h)(鱼)

EC50:0.0018mg/L(48h)(水蚤)

2.生物降解性[16]

好氧生物降解(h):100~1236

厌氧生物降解(h):400~4944

3.非生物降解性[17]

水相光解半衰期(h):990~20000

空气中光氧化半衰期(h):1~9.8

一级水解半衰期(h):0.00077

MSDS

国标编号: 61875
CAS: 121-75-5
中文名称: 马拉硫磷
英文名称: malathion
别 名: 马拉松;四O四九;马拉塞昂;O,O-二甲基-S-{1, 2-双(乙氧羰基)乙基}二硫代磷酸酯
分子式: C10H19O6PS2
分子量: 330.36
熔 点: 2.85℃ 沸点:156~15
密 度: 相对密度(水=1)1.23
蒸汽压: 30℃
溶解性: 微溶于水,易溶于醇、酮、醚等
稳定性: 对光稳定但对热的稳定性稍差。在pH小于5或碱性溶液中?
外观与性状: 纯品为黄色油状液体,略带有醋气味
危险标记: 15(有害品,远离食品)
用 途: 为非内吸性杀虫、杀螨剂。适用于防治水稻、高梁、蔬菜、果树等作物上的多种咀嚼式口器和刺吸式口器的害虫

2.对环境的影响:

一、健康危害

侵入途径:吸入、食入、经皮吸收。  健康危害:抑制胆碱酯酶活性,造成神经生理功能紊乱。  急性中毒:职业中毒不多见,多系口服引起。表现有头痛、头昏、食欲减退、恶心、呕吐、腹痛、腹泻、流涎、瞳孔缩小、呼吸道分泌物增多、多汗、肌束震颤等。重者出现肺水肿、脑水肿、昏迷、呼吸麻痹。部分病例可有心、肝、肾损害。少数严重病例在意识恢复后数周或数朋发生周围神经病。个别严重病例可发生迟发性猝死。血胆碱酯酶活性降低。  慢性中毒:尚有争论。有神经衰弱综合征、多汗、肌束震颤等。血胆碱酯酶活性降低。对皮肤有刺激和致敏作用,可引起皮炎。

二、毒理学资料及环境行为

毒性:属低毒类。  急性毒性:LD50 1800mg/kg(大鼠经口);4444mg/kg(大鼠经皮)  亚急性和慢性毒性:慢性毒性很低,用含本品5000ppm饲料饲养大鼠2年,不出现死亡。  致突变性:微生物致突变:鼠伤寒沙门氏菌10mg/L;枯草菌1nmol/皿;其它微生物100mg/L。姊妹染色单体交换:人类淋巴细胞20mg/L;人类成纤维细胞5mg/L。  生殖毒性:大鼠经口最低中毒剂量(TDL0):5550mg/kg(孕91天/1~20天),致体壁发育异常。  大鼠经口最低中毒剂量(TDL0):283mg/kg(孕9天),泌尿系统异常。  以1000mg马拉硫磷原药/kg剂量的饮料喂大白鼠92周,体重能正常增加。水生生物忍度限量(48小时):鲤鱼为9.0ppm  马拉硫磷对鱼类低毒,但其分解产物马来酸二乙酯,马来酸对水生生物高毒,对蜜蜂等益虫高毒。  代谢和降解:马拉硫磷的降解主要通过水解和氧化作用。这些反应可以在空气、水、土壤和生物机体内进行。在土壤中马拉硫磷可因微生物活动而迅速水解。在消毒过的土壤中每天降解7%,而在普通土壤中97%马拉硫磷被降解。  残留与蓄积:马拉硫磷属弱蓄积化合物,在土壤、作物和机体内的残留均不严重。  迁移转化:马拉硫磷在环境中的行为与有机磷受农药的一般规律相同,可以在大气、水体和土壤间相互迁移,不大会由生物携带扩散。

危险特性:遇明火、高热可燃。与强氧化剂可发生反应。受热分解,放出磷、硫的氧化物等毒性气体。  燃烧(分解)产物:一氧化碳、二氧化碳、氧化磷、氧化硫。

3.现场应急监测方法:

直接进水样气相色谱法

4.实验室监测方法:

气相色谱法(GB13192-91,水质)气相色谱法(GB/T5009.20-1996,粮食、蔬菜、油)酶-氯化铁比色法《空气中有害物质的测定方法》杭世平主编

5.环境标准:
中国(TJ36-79)车间空气中有害物质最高容许浓度2mg/m3
中国(GB11607-89)渔业水质标准0.005mg/L
中国(GB3097-1997)海水水质标准0.0005~0.001mg/L
中国(GHZB1-1999)地表水环境质量标准(I、II、III类水域)0.005mg/L
中国(待颁布)饮用水源水中有害物质的最高容许浓度0.25mg/L
中国(GB8978-1996)污水综合排放标准一级:不得检出
二级:5.0mg/L
三级:10mg/L
联合国规划署(1974)保护水生生物淡水中农药的最大允许浓度0.008μg/L 
中国(GB5127-85)食品中有机磷农药的允许标准3mg/kg(粮食)

6.应急处理处置方法:

存放处要干燥、阴暗、密闭保管温度为1~30℃为宜。不能与酸、碱农药混合使用,不宜用金属器具盛装,以免分解、失效。

阿托品、解磷毒是马拉硫磷的急救药剂。误服本品按下述办法处置:1、请医生诊视;2、皮下注射1~2mg阿托品;3、充分洗胃;4、上部呼吸道受到刺激时可饮小量热牛奶及苏打;5、眼睛受到沾染时立即用洁净开水充分洗眼;6、皮肤发炎时可用功0%苏条水湿绷带包敷。

消防:可用水、砂土与泡沫灭火器进行灭火,灭火时应注意防止人身中毒。

泄漏应急处理:迅速撤离泄漏污染区人员至安全区,并进行隔离、严格限制出入。切断火源。建议应急人员穿防毒服等。小量泄漏:用砂土或其它不燃材料吸附或吸收。也可用大量水冲洗,洗水稀释后放入废水系统。大量泄漏构筑围堤或挖坑收容。用泡沫覆盖,降低蒸气灾害。用泵转移至槽车或专用收集器内,回收或运至废物处理场所处置。

海关数据

中国海关编码:2930909061

概述:
2930909061 马拉硫磷、苏硫磷、赛硫磷等〔包括丙虫磷、双硫磷、亚砜磷、异亚砜磷〕 退税率:9.0% 监管条件:S(进出口农药登记证明)
申报要素:
品名, 成分含量, 用途
监管条件:
S.进出口农药登记证明
摘要/Summary:
2930909061 o,o,o',o'-tetramethyl o,o'-(thiobis(4,1-phenylene)) diphosphorothioate。supervision conditions:s(import or export registration certificate for pesticides)。VAT:17.0%。tax rebate rate:9.0%。MFN tarrif:6.5%。general tariff:30.0%

分子结构与计算化学数据

分子结构数据

1、摩尔折射率:77.50

2、摩尔体积(cm3/mol):259.6

3、等张比容(90.2K):680.4

4、表面张力(dyne/cm):47.1

5、极化率:30.72

计算化学数据

1.疏水参数计算参考值(XlogP):无

2.氢键供体数量:0

3.氢键受体数量:8

4.可旋转化学键数量:11

5.互变异构体数量:无

6.拓扑分子极性表面积128

7.重原子数量:19

8.表面电荷:0

9.复杂度:341

10.同位素原子数量:0

11.确定原子立构中心数量:0

12.不确定原子立构中心数量:1

13.确定化学键立构中心数量:0

14.不确定化学键立构中心数量:0

15.共价键单元数量:1

热门化工词典词汇