1,3-Butadiene


  • 中文别名:1,3-丁二烯
  • 中文释义:1,3-丁二烯;丁二烯;1,3-丁二烯
  • 英文别名:buta-1,3-diene;
    1,3-BUTADIENE;
    1,3-Butadiene 
  • CAS No.:106-99-0
  • 分子式:

    C4H6

  • 分子量:54.10
  • 精确分子量:54.04700
  • PSA:0.00000
  • MDL:MFCD00008659
  • InChI:InChI=1/C4H6/c1-3-4-2/h4H,1H2,2H3
  • 分子结构式:

物化性质

外观与性状:
无色气体(压缩液化气体)
密度:
0.62 g/mL at 20 °C(lit.)
熔点:
−109 °C(lit.)
沸点:
−4.5 °C(lit.)
闪点:
−105 °F
折射率:
1.4292
蒸汽压:
1260mmHg at 25°C
蒸汽密度:
1.9 (15 °C, vs air)
存储条件/存储方法:
库房通风低温干燥,轻装轻卸,与氧气、空气等助燃气体钢瓶分开存放
稳定性相关:

1.本品毒性较小,其毒性与乙烯类似,但对皮肤和黏膜的刺激较强,高浓度时有麻醉作用。动物吸入0.67%浓度的丁二烯,每天7.5小时,经8个月,除少数例外,一般对生长和健康无妨碍。工作场所最高容许浓度为2200mg/m3。液态丁二烯因低温可造成冻伤。生产设备应密封,严防跑、冒、滴、漏。防火、防热。

2.极易燃烧。相对无毒,疑为致癌物质,对呼吸道有强烈的刺激作用。易聚合,应避免聚合引发剂。实验室中的1,3-丁二烯是直接冷凝气体到容器中或在反应容器中形成该气体的饱和溶液来使用的。在更高温度的反应中,为防止1,3-丁二烯的泄漏要用铅封的试管。

3.稳定性[37] 稳定

4.禁配物[38] 强氧化剂、卤素、氧、铜合金、酸类

5.避免接触的条件[39] 受热、光照

6.聚合危害[40] 聚合

其它信息:

1.性状:轻微芳香味无色气体。[11]

2.熔点(℃):-108.9[12]

3.沸点(℃):-4.4[13]

4.相对密度(水=1):0.62[14]

5.相对蒸气密度(空气=1):1.87[15]

6.饱和蒸气压(kPa):245.27(21℃)[16]

7.燃烧热(kJ/mol):-2541.0[17]

8.临界温度(℃):161.8[18]

9.临界压力(MPa):4.33[19]

10.辛醇/水分配系数:1.99[20]

11.闪点(℃):-76[21]

12.引燃温度(℃):415[22]

13.爆炸上限(%):16.3[23]

14.爆炸下限(%):1.1[24]

15.溶解性:不溶于水,溶于丙酮、苯、乙酸、酯等多数有机溶剂。[25]

16.溶度参数(J·cm-3)0.5:15.607

17.van der Waals面积(cm2·mol-1):5.880×109

18.van der Waals体积(cm3·mol-1):40.820

19.临界密度(g·cm-3):0.245

20.临界体积(cm3·mol-1):221

21.临界压缩因子:0.270

22.偏心因子:0.193

23.气相标准燃烧热(焓)(kJ·mol-1):-2541.49

24.气相标准声称热(焓)( kJ·mol-1):110.0

25.相标准熵(J·mol-1·K-1) :278.78

26.气相标准生成自由能( kJ·mol-1):150.6

27.气相标准热熔(J·mol-1·K-1):79.88

28.液相标准燃烧热(焓)(kJ·mol-1):-2519.4

29.液相标准声称热(焓)( kJ·mol-1):87.9

30.液相标准熵(J·mol-1·K-1) :199.07

31.液相标准生成自由能( kJ·mol-1):152.13

32.液相标准热熔(J·mol-1·K-1):123.65

安全信息

外观与性状:
无色气体(压缩液化气体)
密度:
0.62 g/mL at 20 °C(lit.)
熔点:
−109 °C(lit.)
沸点:
−4.5 °C(lit.)
闪点:
−105 °F
折射率:
1.4292
蒸汽压:
1260mmHg at 25°C
蒸汽密度:
1.9 (15 °C, vs air)
存储条件/存储方法:
库房通风低温干燥,轻装轻卸,与氧气、空气等助燃气体钢瓶分开存放
稳定性相关:

1.本品毒性较小,其毒性与乙烯类似,但对皮肤和黏膜的刺激较强,高浓度时有麻醉作用。动物吸入0.67%浓度的丁二烯,每天7.5小时,经8个月,除少数例外,一般对生长和健康无妨碍。工作场所最高容许浓度为2200mg/m3。液态丁二烯因低温可造成冻伤。生产设备应密封,严防跑、冒、滴、漏。防火、防热。

2.极易燃烧。相对无毒,疑为致癌物质,对呼吸道有强烈的刺激作用。易聚合,应避免聚合引发剂。实验室中的1,3-丁二烯是直接冷凝气体到容器中或在反应容器中形成该气体的饱和溶液来使用的。在更高温度的反应中,为防止1,3-丁二烯的泄漏要用铅封的试管。

3.稳定性[37] 稳定

4.禁配物[38] 强氧化剂、卤素、氧、铜合金、酸类

5.避免接触的条件[39] 受热、光照

6.聚合危害[40] 聚合

其它信息:

1.性状:轻微芳香味无色气体。[11]

2.熔点(℃):-108.9[12]

3.沸点(℃):-4.4[13]

4.相对密度(水=1):0.62[14]

5.相对蒸气密度(空气=1):1.87[15]

6.饱和蒸气压(kPa):245.27(21℃)[16]

7.燃烧热(kJ/mol):-2541.0[17]

8.临界温度(℃):161.8[18]

9.临界压力(MPa):4.33[19]

10.辛醇/水分配系数:1.99[20]

11.闪点(℃):-76[21]

12.引燃温度(℃):415[22]

13.爆炸上限(%):16.3[23]

14.爆炸下限(%):1.1[24]

15.溶解性:不溶于水,溶于丙酮、苯、乙酸、酯等多数有机溶剂。[25]

16.溶度参数(J·cm-3)0.5:15.607

17.van der Waals面积(cm2·mol-1):5.880×109

18.van der Waals体积(cm3·mol-1):40.820

19.临界密度(g·cm-3):0.245

20.临界体积(cm3·mol-1):221

21.临界压缩因子:0.270

22.偏心因子:0.193

23.气相标准燃烧热(焓)(kJ·mol-1):-2541.49

24.气相标准声称热(焓)( kJ·mol-1):110.0

25.相标准熵(J·mol-1·K-1) :278.78

26.气相标准生成自由能( kJ·mol-1):150.6

27.气相标准热熔(J·mol-1·K-1):79.88

28.液相标准燃烧热(焓)(kJ·mol-1):-2519.4

29.液相标准声称热(焓)( kJ·mol-1):87.9

30.液相标准熵(J·mol-1·K-1) :199.07

31.液相标准生成自由能( kJ·mol-1):152.13

32.液相标准热熔(J·mol-1·K-1):123.65

毒理性

CHEMICAL IDENTIFICATION

RTECS NUMBER :
EI9275000
CHEMICAL NAME :
1,3-Butadiene
CAS REGISTRY NUMBER :
106-99-0
LAST UPDATED :
199806
DATA ITEMS CITED :
83
MOLECULAR FORMULA :
C4-H6
MOLECULAR WEIGHT :
54.10
WISWESSER LINE NOTATION :
1U2U1

HEALTH HAZARD DATA

ACUTE TOXICITY DATA

TYPE OF TEST :
TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Inhalation
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Human
DOSE/DURATION :
2000 ppm/7H
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Sense Organs and Special Senses (Eye) - effect, not otherwise specified Behavioral - hallucinations, distorted perceptions
TYPE OF TEST :
TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Inhalation
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Human
DOSE/DURATION :
8000 ppm
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Sense Organs and Special Senses (Eye) - visual field changes Sense Organs and Special Senses (Eye) - conjunctive irritation Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - cough
TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION :
5480 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
TYPE OF TEST :
LC50 - Lethal concentration, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Inhalation
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION :
285 gm/m3/4H
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Behavioral - general anesthetic Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - respiratory depression
TYPE OF TEST :
LC50 - Lethal concentration, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Inhalation
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION :
270 gm/m3/2H
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
TYPE OF TEST :
LCLo - Lowest published lethal concentration
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Inhalation
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rabbit
DOSE/DURATION :
25 pph/23M
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Sense Organs and Special Senses (Eye) - mydriasis (pupillary dilation) Behavioral - tremor Behavioral - muscle weakness
TYPE OF TEST :
TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Inhalation
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION :
1000 ppm/6H/13W-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Liver - changes in liver weight Kidney, Ureter, Bladder - changes in bladder weight
TYPE OF TEST :
TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Inhalation
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION :
1000 ppm/6H/1Y-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Liver - changes in liver weight Related to Chronic Data - death
TYPE OF TEST :
TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Inhalation
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION :
2200 mg/m3/4H/17W-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Blood - leukopenia Biochemical - Metabolism (Intermediary) - lipids including transport Biochemical - Metabolism (Intermediary) - other proteins
TYPE OF TEST :
TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Inhalation
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION :
1250 ppm/6H/14W-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Related to Chronic Data - death
TYPE OF TEST :
TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Inhalation
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION :
1250 ppm/6H/6W-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Blood - normocytic anemia Blood - changes in bone marrow (not otherwise specified) Blood - changes in erythrocyte (RBC) count
TYPE OF TEST :
TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Inhalation
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION :
1250 ppm/6H/24W-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Blood - pigmented or nucleated red blood cells Blood - changes in erythrocyte (RBC) count Blood - changes in leukocyte (WBC) count
TYPE OF TEST :
TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Inhalation
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rabbit
DOSE/DURATION :
100 mg/m3/4H/17W-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Immunological Including Allergic - decrease in cellular immune response Biochemical - Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels - true cholinesterase
TYPE OF TEST :
TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Inhalation
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION :
625 ppm/6H/61W
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Tumorigenic - Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria Cardiac - tumors Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - tumors
TYPE OF TEST :
TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Inhalation
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION :
625 ppm/6H/13W-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Tumorigenic - Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria Sense Organs and Special Senses (Olfaction) - tumors Cardiac - tumors
TYPE OF TEST :
TC - Toxic concentration (other than lowest)
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Inhalation
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION :
1000 ppm/6H/2Y-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Tumorigenic - Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria Skin and Appendages - tumors
TYPE OF TEST :
TC - Toxic concentration (other than lowest)
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Inhalation
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION :
8000 ppm/6H/2Y-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Tumorigenic - neoplastic by RTECS criteria Gastrointestinal - tumors Endocrine - thyroid tumors
TYPE OF TEST :
TC - Toxic concentration (other than lowest)
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Inhalation
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION :
8000 ppm/6H/15W-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Tumorigenic - Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria Endocrine - tumors
TYPE OF TEST :
TC - Toxic concentration (other than lowest)
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Inhalation
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION :
200 ppm/40W-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Tumorigenic - equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteria Gastrointestinal - tumors
TYPE OF TEST :
TC - Toxic concentration (other than lowest)
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Inhalation
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION :
8000 ppm/6H/2Y-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Tumorigenic - Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria Endocrine - thyroid tumors Skin and Appendages - tumors
TYPE OF TEST :
TC - Toxic concentration (other than lowest)
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Inhalation
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION :
625 ppm/6H/65W-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Tumorigenic - equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteria Sense Organs and Special Senses (Eye) - tumors Cardiac - tumors
TYPE OF TEST :
TC - Toxic concentration (other than lowest)
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Inhalation
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION :
63 ppm/6H/2Y-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Tumorigenic - Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria Vascular - tumors Liver - tumors
TYPE OF TEST :
TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Inhalation
DOSE :
8000 ppm/6H
SEX/DURATION :
female 6-15 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - musculoskeletal system
TYPE OF TEST :
TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Inhalation
DOSE :
500 ppm/6H
SEX/DURATION :
male 5 day(s) pre-mating
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Paternal Effects - testes, epididymis, sperm duct Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - cytological changes (including somatic cell genetic material)
TYPE OF TEST :
TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Inhalation
DOSE :
1000 ppm/6H
SEX/DURATION :
female 6-15 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Fertility - post-implantation mortality (e.g. dead and/or resorbed implants per total number of implants) Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - extra-embryonic structures (e.g., placenta, umbilical cord) Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus)
TYPE OF TEST :
TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Inhalation
DOSE :
1000 ppm/6H
SEX/DURATION :
female 6-15 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Maternal Effects - uterus, cervix, vagina
TYPE OF TEST :
Micronucleus test
TYPE OF TEST :
Specific locus test
TYPE OF TEST :
DNA damage
TYPE OF TEST :
DNA adduct
TYPE OF TEST :
Cytogenetic analysis
TYPE OF TEST :
Sister chromatid exchange
TYPE OF TEST :
Dominant lethal test
TYPE OF TEST :
Mutation in mammalian somatic cells
TYPE OF TEST :
Sperm Morphology
TYPE OF TEST :
Heritable translocation test

MUTATION DATA

TYPE OF TEST :
Sister chromatid exchange
TEST SYSTEM :
Rodent - hamster Ovary
REFERENCE :
MUREAV Mutation Research. (Elsevier Science Pub. B.V., POB 211, 1000 AE Amsterdam, Netherlands) V.1- 1964- Volume(issue)/page/year: 263,47,1991 *** REVIEWS *** ACGIH TLV-Suspected human carcinogen DTLVS* The Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) booklet issues by American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH), Cincinnati, OH, 1996 Volume(issue)/page/year: TLV/BEI,1997 ACGIH TLV-TWA 4.4 mg/m3 (2 ppm) DTLVS* The Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) booklet issues by American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH), Cincinnati, OH, 1996 Volume(issue)/page/year: TLV/BEI,1997 IARC Cancer Review:Animal Sufficient Evidence IMEMDT IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risk of Chemicals to Man. (WHO Publications Centre USA, 49 Sheridan Ave., Albany, NY 12210) V.1- 1972- Volume(issue)/page/year: 39,155,1986 IARC Cancer Review:Animal SUFFICENT EVIDENCE IMEMDT IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risk of Chemicals to Man. (WHO Publications Centre USA, 49 Sheridan Ave., Albany, NY 12210) V.1- 1972- Volume(issue)/page/year: 54,237,1992 IARC Cancer Review:Human LIMITED EVIDENC IMEMDT IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risk of Chemicals to Man. (WHO Publications Centre USA, 49 Sheridan Ave., Albany, NY 12210) V.1- 1972- Volume(issue)/page/year: 54,237,1992 IARC Cancer Review:Human Inadequate Evidence IMEMDT IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risk of Chemicals to Man. (WHO Publications Centre USA, 49 Sheridan Ave., Albany, NY 12210) V.1- 1972- Volume(issue)/page/year: 39,155,1986 IARC Cancer Review:Group 2A IMEMDT IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risk of Chemicals to Man. (WHO Publications Centre USA, 49 Sheridan Ave., Albany, NY 12210) V.1- 1972- Volume(issue)/page/year: 54,237,1992 *** U.S. STANDARDS AND REGULATIONS *** MSHA STANDARD-air:TWA 1000 ppm (2200 mg/m3) DTLVS* The Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) booklet issues by American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH), Cincinnati, OH, 1996 Volume(issue)/page/year: 3,28,1971 OSHA PEL (Gen Indu):8H TWA 1000 ppm (2200 mg/m3) CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year: 29,1910.1000,1994 OSHA PEL (Construc):8H TWA 1000 ppm (2200 mg/m3) CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year: 29,1926.55,1994 OSHA PEL (Shipyard):8H TWA 1000 ppm (2200 mg/m3) CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year: 29,1915.1000,1993 OSHA PEL (Fed Cont):8H TWA 1000 ppm (2200 mg/m3) CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year: 41,50-204.50,1994 *** OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE LIMITS *** OEL-AUSTRALIA:TWA 10 ppm (22 mg/m3);Carcinogen JAN 1993 OEL-BELGIUM:TWA 10 ppm (22 mg/m3);Carcinogen JAN 1993 OEL-DENMARK:TWA 10 ppm (22 mg/m3);Carcinogen JAN 1993 OEL-FINLAND:TWA 50 ppm (73 mg/m3);Carcinogen JAN 1993 OEL-FRANCE:TWA 10 ppm (36 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-GERMANY;Carcinogen JAN 1993 OEL-HUNGARY:STEL 10 mg/m3;Carcinogen JAN 1993 OEL-THE NETHERLANDS:TWA 50 ppm (110 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-THE PHILIPPINES:TWA 1000 ppm (2200 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-POLAND:TWA 100 mg/m3 JAN 1993 OEL-RUSSIA:STEL 100 mg/m3 JAN 1993 OEL-SWEDEN:TWA 10 ppm (20 mg/m3);STEL 20 ppm (40 mg/m3);Carcinogen JAN 1993 OEL-SWITZERLAND:TWA 5 ppm (11 mg/m3);Carcinogen JAN 1993 OEL-TURKEY:TWA 1000 ppm (2200 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-UNITED KINGDOM:TWA 10 ppm (22 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL IN BULGARIA, COLOMBIA, JORDAN, KOREA check ACGIH TLV OEL IN NEW ZEALAND, SINGAPORE, VIETNAM check ACGIH TLV *** NIOSH STANDARDS DEVELOPMENT AND SURVEILLANCE DATA ***NIOSH RECOMMENDED EXPOSURE LEVEL (REL) : NIOSH REL TO 1,3-BUTADIENE-air:CA lowest feasible conc.REFERENCE : NIOSH* National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, U.S. Dept. of Health, Education, and Welfare, Reports and Memoranda. Volume(issue)/page/year: DHHS #92-100,1992NIOSH OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE SURVEY DATA : NOHS - National Occupational Hazard Survey (1974) NOHS Hazard Code - 13410 No. of Facilities: 3086 (estimated) No. of Industries: 26 No. of Occupations: 71 No. of Employees: 66326 (estimated) NOES - National Occupational Exposure Survey (1983) NOES Hazard Code - 13410 No. of Facilities: 2201 (estimated) No. of Industries: 20 No. of Occupations: 34 No. of Employees: 51971 (estimated) No. of Female Employees: 1410 (estimated)
毒理学数据:

1.急性毒性[26]

LD50:5480mg/kg(大鼠经口);3210mg/kg(小鼠经口)

LC50:285000mg/m3(大鼠吸入,4h);259ppm(小鼠吸入,7h)

2.刺激性 暂无资料

3.亚急性与慢性毒性[27] 家兔,用20%~25%的麻醉浓度,每天麻醉8~10min,每周4~5次,2~3周,未发现病变。小鼠吸入30mg/m3,81d出现造血功能亢进,吞噬反应增强,心肌和肾脏轻度退化变性等。

4.致突变性[28] 微生物致突变性:鼠伤寒沙门菌2%。姐妹染色单体交换:人淋巴细胞500μmol/L。

5.致畸性[29] 大鼠孕后6~15d吸入最低中毒剂量(TCLo)8000ppm(6h),致肌肉骨骼系统发育畸形。

6.致癌性[30] IARC:G2A,可能人类致癌物。

7.其他[31] 大鼠吸入最低中毒浓度(TCLo):8000ppm(6h)(孕后6~15d),对胎鼠骨骼、肌肉有影响。

生态数据:

1.生态毒性[32]

LC50:25mg/L(96h)(蓝鳃太阳鱼);50mg/L(96h)(黑头呆鱼);21mg/L(96h)(斑猫鲿);22mg/L(96h)(虹鳟鱼)

EC50:25mg/L(96h)(水蚤)

2.生物降解性[33]

好氧生物降解性(h):168~672

厌氧生物降解性(h):672~2688

3.非生物降解性[34]

水中光氧化半衰期(h):1200~48000

空气中光氧化半衰期(h):0.76~7.8

4.生物富集性[35] BCF:19.1

5.其他有害作用[36] 该物质对环境有危害,对鱼类应给予特别注意。还应特别注意对地表水、土壤、大气和饮用水的污染。

MSDS

国标编号: 21022
CAS: 106-99-0
中文名称: 1,3-丁二烯
英文名称: 1,3-butadiene
别 名: 联乙烯
分子式: C4H6;CH2CHCHCH2
分子量: 54.09
熔 点: -108.9℃ 沸点:-4.5?
密 度: 相对密度(水=1)0.62;
蒸汽压: -78℃
溶解性: 溶于丙酮、苯、乙酸、酯等多数有机溶剂
稳定性: 稳定
外观与性状: 无色无臭气体
危险标记: 4(易燃气体)
用 途: 用于合成橡胶ABS树酯、酸酐等

2.对环境的影响:
一、健康危害
侵入途径:吸入。
健康危害:本品具有麻醉和刺激作用。
二、毒理学资料及环境行为
毒性:属低毒类。
  急性毒性:LD505480mg/kg(大鼠经口);LC50285000mg/m3,4小时(大鼠吸入);人吸入1%,轻度反应、头痛、口干、嗜睡等;人吸入17.6g/m3×8小时,上呼吸道刺激反应;人吸入11g/m3×6小时,眼粘膜轻度刺激。
亚急性和慢性毒性:大鼠吸入30mg/m3,81天,造血功能亢进,心肌和肾脏有轻度退行性变。
  致突变性:微生物致突变性:鼠伤寒沙门氏菌2pph。
  生殖毒性:大鼠吸入最低中毒浓度(TCL0):8000ppm(6小时),(孕后6~15天),对胎鼠骨骼、肌肉有影响。
危险特性:易燃,与空气混合能形成爆炸性混合物。接触热、火星、火焰或氧化剂易燃烧爆炸。若遇高热,可发生聚合反应,放出大量热量而引起容器破裂和爆炸事故。气体比空气重,能在较低处扩散到相当远的地方,遇明火会引着回燃。
燃烧(分解)产物:一氧化碳、二氧化碳。

3.现场应急监测方法:


便携式气相色谱法

4.实验室监测方法:


气相色谱法《空气中有害物的测定方法》(第二版),杭士平主编

5.环境标准: 

中国(TJ36-79)车间空气中有害物质的最高容许浓度100mg/m3
前苏联(1977)居民区大气中有害物最大允许浓度3mg/m3(最大值)
1mg/m3(昼夜均值)
前苏联(1975)水体中有害物质最高允许浓度0.05mg/L
 嗅觉阈浓度0.38mg/m3      
6.应急处理处置方法:
一、泄漏应急处理
  迅速撤离泄漏污染区人员至上风处,并进行隔离,严格限制出入。切断火源。建议应急处理人员戴自给正压式呼吸器,穿消防防护服。尽可能切断泄漏源。用工业覆盖层或吸附/吸收剂盖住泄漏点附近的下水道等地方,防止气体进入。合理通风,加速扩散。喷雾状水稀释、溶解。构筑围堤或挖坑收容产生的大量废水。如有可能,将漏出气用排风机送至空旷地方或装设适当喷头烧掉。漏气容器要妥善处理,修复、检验后再用。
废弃物处置方法:用焚烧法。
二、防护措施
呼吸系统防护:一般不需要特殊防护,高浓度接触时可佩带自吸过滤式防毒面具(半面罩)。
眼睛防护:必要时,戴化学安全防护眼镜。
身体防护:穿防静电工作服。
手防护:戴一般作业防护手套。
其它:工作现场严禁吸烟。避免长期反复接触。进入罐、限制性空间或其它高浓度区作业,须有人监护。
三、急救措施
皮肤接触:立即脱去被污染的衣着,用大量流动清水冲洗,至少15分钟。就医。
眼睛接触:提起眼睑,用流动清水或生理盐水彻底冲洗。就医。
吸入:迅速脱离现场至空气新鲜处。保持呼吸道通畅。如呼吸困难,给输氧。如呼吸停止,立即进行人工呼吸。就医。
灭火方法:切断气源。若不能立即切断气源,则不允许熄灭正在燃烧的气体。喷水冷却容器,可能的话将容器从火场移至空旷处。灭火剂:雾状水、泡沫、二氧化碳、干粉。

分子结构与计算化学数据

分子结构数据

1、摩尔折射率:20.03

2、摩尔体积(cm3/mol):84.7

3、等张比容(90.2K):169.2

4、表面张力(dyne/cm):15.9

5、介电常数:2.26

6、偶极距(10-24cm3):

7、极化率:7.94

计算化学数据

1.疏水参数计算参考值(XlogP):无

2.氢键供体数量:0

3.氢键受体数量:0

4.可旋转化学键数量:1

5.互变异构体数量:无

6.拓扑分子极性表面积0

7.重原子数量:4

8.表面电荷:0

9.复杂度:21

10.同位素原子数量:0

11.确定原子立构中心数量:0

12.不确定原子立构中心数量:0

13.确定化学键立构中心数量:0

14.不确定化学键立构中心数量:0

15.共价键单元数量:1

热门化工词典词汇