dimethoate

物化性质

外观与性状：

白色结晶固体

密度：

1.281

熔点：

52-52.5°C

沸点：

107°C (0.05 torr)

闪点：

107 °C

水溶解性：

Slightly soluble. 2.5 g/100 mL

折射率：

1.532

存储条件/存储方法：

储存注意事项^[20] 储存于阴凉、通风的库房。远离火种、热源。包装密封。应与氧化剂、碱类、食用化学品分开存放，切忌混储。配备相应品种和数量的消防器材。储区应备有合适的材料收容泄漏物。

稳定性相关：

1.稳定性^[15] 稳定

2.禁配物^[16] 强氧化剂、碱类

3.避免接触的条件^[17] 受热

4.聚合危害^[18] 不聚合

5.分解产物^[19] 氧化硫、氮氧化物、氧化磷

其它信息：

1.性状：白色结晶，有樟脑气味，工业品通常是浅黄棕色的乳剂。^[1]

2.熔点（℃）：51~52^[2]

3.沸点（℃）：117（0.013kPa）^[3]

4.相对密度（水=1）：1.28^[4]

5.辛醇/水分配系数：0.78^[5]

6.闪点（℃）：107（CC）^[6]

7.溶解性：微溶于水，溶于乙醇、氯仿、苯、酮类等。^[7]

安全信息

外观与性状：

白色结晶固体

密度：

1.281

熔点：

52-52.5°C

沸点：

107°C (0.05 torr)

闪点：

107 °C

水溶解性：

Slightly soluble. 2.5 g/100 mL

折射率：

1.532

存储条件/存储方法：

储存注意事项^[20] 储存于阴凉、通风的库房。远离火种、热源。包装密封。应与氧化剂、碱类、食用化学品分开存放，切忌混储。配备相应品种和数量的消防器材。储区应备有合适的材料收容泄漏物。

稳定性相关：

1.稳定性^[15] 稳定

2.禁配物^[16] 强氧化剂、碱类

3.避免接触的条件^[17] 受热

4.聚合危害^[18] 不聚合

5.分解产物^[19] 氧化硫、氮氧化物、氧化磷

其它信息：

1.性状：白色结晶，有樟脑气味，工业品通常是浅黄棕色的乳剂。^[1]

2.熔点（℃）：51~52^[2]

3.沸点（℃）：117（0.013kPa）^[3]

4.相对密度（水=1）：1.28^[4]

5.辛醇/水分配系数：0.78^[5]

6.闪点（℃）：107（CC）^[6]

7.溶解性：微溶于水，溶于乙醇、氯仿、苯、酮类等。^[7]

毒理性

CHEMICAL IDENTIFICATION

RTECS NUMBER :

TE1750000

CHEMICAL NAME :

Phosphorodithioic acid, O,O-dimethyl ester, S-ester with 2-mercapto-N-methylacetamide

CAS REGISTRY NUMBER :

60-51-5

BEILSTEIN REFERENCE NO. :

1785339

LAST UPDATED :

199710

DATA ITEMS CITED :

96

MOLECULAR FORMULA :

C5-H12-N-O3-P-S2

MOLECULAR WEIGHT :

229.27

WISWESSER LINE NOTATION :

1OPS&O1&S1VM1

HEALTH HAZARD DATA

ACUTE TOXICITY DATA

TYPE OF TEST :

TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Human - man

DOSE/DURATION :

286 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Peripheral Nerve and Sensation - fasciculations Behavioral - coma Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - dyspnea

TYPE OF TEST :

LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Human

DOSE/DURATION :

30 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :

TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Human - man

DOSE/DURATION :

300 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Behavioral - coma Cardiac - pulse rate Vascular - BP lowering not characterized in autonomic section

TYPE OF TEST :

TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Human - man

DOSE/DURATION :

357 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Brain and Coverings - other degenerative changes Cardiac - cardiomyopathy including infarction Kidney, Ureter, Bladder - changes in tubules (including acute renal failure, acute tubular necrosis)

TYPE OF TEST :

LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :

60 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :

LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Administration onto the skin

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :

353 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :

LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Intraperitoneal

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :

100 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Sense Organs and Special Senses (Eye) - lacrimation Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - dyspnea Gastrointestinal - changes in structure or function of salivary glands

TYPE OF TEST :

LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Subcutaneous

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :

350 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Sense Organs and Special Senses (Eye) - lacrimation Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - dyspnea Gastrointestinal - changes in structure or function of salivary glands

TYPE OF TEST :

LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Intravenous

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :

450 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Sense Organs and Special Senses (Eye) - lacrimation Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - dyspnea Gastrointestinal - changes in structure or function of salivary glands

TYPE OF TEST :

LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Unreported

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :

215 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :

LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :

60 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Sense Organs and Special Senses (Eye) - lacrimation Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - dyspnea Gastrointestinal - changes in structure or function of salivary glands

TYPE OF TEST :

LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Administration onto the skin

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :

1 gm/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :

LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Intraperitoneal

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :

45 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Sense Organs and Special Senses (Eye) - lacrimation Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - dyspnea Gastrointestinal - changes in structure or function of salivary glands

TYPE OF TEST :

LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Subcutaneous

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :

60 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Sense Organs and Special Senses (Eye) - lacrimation Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - dyspnea Gastrointestinal - changes in structure or function of salivary glands

TYPE OF TEST :

LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Mammal - dog

DOSE/DURATION :

400 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :

LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Mammal - cat

DOSE/DURATION :

100 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Behavioral - excitement

TYPE OF TEST :

LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - rabbit

DOSE/DURATION :

300 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :

LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Administration onto the skin

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - rabbit

DOSE/DURATION :

1 gm/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Behavioral - excitement

TYPE OF TEST :

LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - guinea pig

DOSE/DURATION :

350 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :

LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Administration onto the skin

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - guinea pig

DOSE/DURATION :

965 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :

LD10 - Lethal Dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Intraperitoneal

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - guinea pig

DOSE/DURATION :

390 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :

LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - hamster

DOSE/DURATION :

200 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Sense Organs and Special Senses (Eye) - lacrimation Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - dyspnea Gastrointestinal - changes in structure or function of salivary glands

TYPE OF TEST :

LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Intraperitoneal

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - hamster

DOSE/DURATION :

160 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :

LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Subcutaneous

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - hamster

DOSE/DURATION :

60 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Sense Organs and Special Senses (Eye) - lacrimation Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - dyspnea Gastrointestinal - changes in structure or function of salivary glands

TYPE OF TEST :

LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Bird - chicken

DOSE/DURATION :

25 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Biochemical - Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels - true cholinesterase

TYPE OF TEST :

LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Bird - quail

DOSE/DURATION :

25 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :

LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Bird - duck

DOSE/DURATION :

42 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :

LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Bird - wild bird species

DOSE/DURATION :

6600 ug/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :

TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :

630 mg/kg/28D-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Blood - changes in serum composition (e.g. TP, bilirubin, cholesterol) Biochemical - Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels - multiple enzyme effects

TYPE OF TEST :

TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :

1092 mg/kg/52W-C

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Blood - other changes Biochemical - Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels - true cholinesterase

TYPE OF TEST :

TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :

300 mg/kg/6W-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Brain and Coverings - changes in surface EEG Peripheral Nerve and Sensation - recording from peripheral motor nerve Biochemical - Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels - true cholinesterase

TYPE OF TEST :

TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :

3330 mg/kg/90D-C

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Sense Organs and Special Senses (Eye) - effect, not otherwise specified Nutritional and Gross Metabolic - weight loss or decreased weight gain Biochemical - Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels - true cholinesterase

TYPE OF TEST :

TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Inhalation

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :

4500 ug/m3/13W-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Kidney, Ureter, Bladder - other changes in urine composition Blood - changes in leukocyte (WBC) count Biochemical - Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels - true cholinesterase

TYPE OF TEST :

TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Inhalation

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :

257 ug/m3/24H/15W-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Kidney, Ureter, Bladder - other changes in urine composition Blood - changes in serum composition (e.g. TP, bilirubin, cholesterol) Biochemical - Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels - true cholinesterase

TYPE OF TEST :

TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :

3852 mg/kg/26W-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - structural or functional change in trachea or bronchi Liver - fatty liver degeneration Kidney, Ureter, Bladder - changes in both tubules and glomeruli

TYPE OF TEST :

TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Mammal - dog

DOSE/DURATION :

3937 mg/kg/90D-C

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Biochemical - Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels - true cholinesterase

TYPE OF TEST :

TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Inhalation

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - guinea pig

DOSE/DURATION :

4500 ug/m3/8H/13W-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Kidney, Ureter, Bladder - other changes in urine composition Blood - changes in leukocyte (WBC) count Biochemical - Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels - true cholinesterase

TYPE OF TEST :

TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Bird - chicken

DOSE/DURATION :

56 mg/kg/4W-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Liver - other changes Endocrine - other changes Blood - changes in serum composition (e.g. TP, bilirubin, cholesterol)

TYPE OF TEST :

TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :

256 mg/kg/4W-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Tumorigenic - Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria Liver - tumors Blood - tumors

TYPE OF TEST :

TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Intramuscular

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :

176 mg/kg/6W-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Tumorigenic - Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria Liver - tumors Blood - tumors

TYPE OF TEST :

TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Oral

DOSE :

120 mg/kg

SEX/DURATION :

female 6-15 day(s) after conception

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - musculoskeletal system

TYPE OF TEST :

TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Oral

DOSE :

113 mg/kg

SEX/DURATION :

female 6-20 day(s) after conception

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Reproductive - Maternal Effects - other effects Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus) Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - other effects to embryo

TYPE OF TEST :

TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Oral

DOSE :

1050 mg/kg

SEX/DURATION :

multigenerations

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Reproductive - Fertility - female fertility index (e.g. # females pregnant per # sperm positive females; # females pregnant per # females mated) Reproductive - Fertility - other measures of fertility Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - weaning or lactation index (e.g., # alive at weaning per # alive at day 4)

TYPE OF TEST :

TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Oral

DOSE :

220 mg/kg

SEX/DURATION :

female 6-16 day(s) after conception

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus)

TYPE OF TEST :

TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Oral

DOSE :

440 mg/kg

SEX/DURATION :

female 6-16 day(s) after conception

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - musculoskeletal system

TYPE OF TEST :

TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Intraperitoneal

DOSE :

40 mg/kg

SEX/DURATION :

female 1 day(s) after conception

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetal death

TYPE OF TEST :

TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Oral

DOSE :

108 mg/kg

SEX/DURATION :

female 14-22 day(s) after conception

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - musculoskeletal system

TYPE OF TEST :

Specific locus test

TYPE OF TEST :

Sex chromosome loss and nondisjunction

TYPE OF TEST :

Sex chromosome loss and nondisjunction

TYPE OF TEST :

Micronucleus test

TYPE OF TEST :

Cytogenetic analysis

TYPE OF TEST :

Micronucleus test

TYPE OF TEST :

Unscheduled DNA synthesis

TYPE OF TEST :

Mutation test systems - not otherwise specified

TYPE OF TEST :

Cytogenetic analysis

TYPE OF TEST :

Cytogenetic analysis

TYPE OF TEST :

Cytogenetic analysis

TYPE OF TEST :

Cytogenetic analysis

MUTATION DATA

TYPE OF TEST :

Sister chromatid exchange

TEST SYSTEM :

Rodent - hamster Lung

DOSE/DURATION :

20 mg/L

REFERENCE :

ENMUDM Environmental Mutagenesis. (New York, NY) V.1-9, 1979-87. For publisher information, see EMMUEG. Volume(issue)/page/year: 4,621,1982 *** REVIEWS *** TOXICOLOGY REVIEW AQMOAC Air Quality Monographs. (Washington, DC) No.69-1 - No.75-25, 1969-75(?). Discontinued. Volume(issue)/page/year: #73-19,1973 TOXICOLOGY REVIEW RREVAH Residue Reviews. (Springer-Verlag New York, Inc., Service Center, 44 Hartz Way, Secaucus, NJ 07094) V.1- 1962- Volume(issue)/page/year: 46,1,1973 TOXICOLOGY REVIEW MZUZA8 Meditsinskii Zhurnal Uzbekistana. (V/O Mezhdunarodnaya Kniga, 113095 Moscow, USSR) No.1- 1957- Volume(issue)/page/year: (8),90,1973 TOXICOLOGY REVIEW DTTIAF Deutsche Tieraerztliche Wochenschrift. (Hanover, Fed. Rep. Ger.) V.1-77, 1893-1970. Volume(issue)/page/year: 80,485,1973 TOXICOLOGY REVIEW RREVAH Residue Reviews. (Springer-Verlag New York, Inc., Service Center, 44 Hartz Way, Secaucus, NJ 07094) V.1- 1962- Volume(issue)/page/year: 63,1,1976 TOXICOLOGY REVIEW ENVRAL Environmental Research. (Academic Press, Inc., 1 E. First St., Duluth, MN 55802) V.1- 1967- Volume(issue)/page/year: 34,193,1984 TOXICOLOGY REVIEW NULSAK Nucleus (Calcutta). (Dr. A.K. Sharma, Centre of Advanced Studies in Cell and Chromosome Research, Calcutta, 35 Baliygunge Circular Rd., Calcutta 700 019, India) V.1- 1958- Volume(issue)/page/year: 28,243,1985 *** U.S. STANDARDS AND REGULATIONS *** EPA FIFRA 1988 PESTICIDE SUBJECT TO REGISTRATION OR RE-REGISTRATION FEREAC Federal Register. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) V.1- 1936- Volume(issue)/page/year: 54,7740,1989 *** NIOSH STANDARDS DEVELOPMENT AND SURVEILLANCE DATA ***NIOSH OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE SURVEY DATA : NOHS - National Occupational Hazard Survey (1974) NOHS Hazard Code - 84534 No. of Facilities: 30 (estimated) No. of Industries: 2 No. of Occupations: 2 No. of Employees: 90 (estimated) NOES - National Occupational Exposure Survey (1983) NOES Hazard Code - 84534 No. of Facilities: 54 (estimated) No. of Industries: 1 No. of Occupations: 1 No. of Employees: 1665 (estimated) No. of Female Employees: 107 (estimated)

毒理学数据：

1.纯品对大鼠急性经日LD50为500 ~ 600mg/kg，工业品为320 ~ 380mg /kg ( 94 %} ~ 96 %} )。大鼠急性经皮LD50为650mg /kg。雄野鸭急性经日LD50为15mg/kg,雌鸭为40mg/kg }30mg/kg)。鲤鱼L(二为40mg/L }48h)。蜜蜂LD50为0. 09pg/只。

2.急性毒性^[8] LD50：60mg/kg（大鼠经口）；750mg/kg（兔经皮）

3.刺激性 暂无资料

4.致突变性^[9] 微生物致突变：鼠伤寒沙门菌5μg/皿。姐妹染色单体交换：人类淋巴细胞2mg/kg。微核试验：小鼠经口103mg/kg（24h）。程序外DNA合成：人成纤维细胞100μmol/L。

5.致畸性^[10]大鼠孕后6~15d经口给予最低中毒剂量（TDLo）120mg/kg，致肌肉骨骼系统发育畸形。

6.其他^[11]大鼠经口最低中毒剂量（TDLo）：120mg/kg（孕6~15d），致肌肉骨骼系统发育异常。大鼠经口最低中毒剂量（TDLo）：256mg/kg/周（间歇），致癌，肝肿瘤，血液系统肿瘤。

生态数据：

1.生态毒性^[12]LC50：6.2mg/L（96h）（虹鳟鱼，静态）；6mg/L（96h）（蓝鳃太阳鱼，静态）；2.5mg/L（48h）（水蚤）

2.生物降解性^[13]

好氧生物降解（h）：264~1344

厌氧生物降解（h）：1056~5376

3.非生物降解性^[14]

空气中光氧化半衰期（h）：0.469~4.69

一级水解半衰期（h）：2822

MSDS

国标编号:	61874
ＣＡＳ:	60-51-5
中文名称:	乐果
英文名称:	Rogor
别 名:	dimethoate；乐戈；O,O-二甲基-S-(N-甲基氨基甲酰甲基)二硫代磷酸酯
分子式:	C5H12NO3PS2
分子量:	229.12
熔 点:	51～52℃ 沸点：86℃/
密 度:	1.281
蒸汽压:	130～132℃(工业品)
溶解性:	微溶于水，可溶于大多数有机溶剂，如醇类、酮类、醚类
稳定性:	在水溶液中稳定，但遇碱液时，容易水解，加热转化甲?
外观与性状:	无色结晶，具有樟脑气味，工业品通常是浅黄棕色的乳剂
危险标记:	14(有毒品)
用 途:	对昆虫既有触杀作用，又有良好的内吸作用。杀虫效果高，广谱，主要用于棉花、果树、蔬菜及其他作物，防治多种蚜虫、红蜘蛛、叶跳甲、潜叶蝇、叶蜂、介壳虫及水稻螟虫等

2.对环境的影响:
一、健康危害
侵入途径：吸入、食入、经皮吸收。
健康危害：抑制体内胆碱酯酶，造成神经生理功能紊乱。大量误服出现典型急性有机磷中毒症状。中毒表现有头痛、头昏、乏力、食欲减退、恶心、呕吐、腹痛、腹泻、流涎、瞳孔缩小、呼吸道分泌物增多、多汗、肌束震颤等。重症出现肺水肿、昏迷、呼吸麻痹、脑水肿。血胆碱酯酶活性降低。本品毒性较低，不易经皮分入，职业中毒不多见。喷洒果树引起的急性中毒多属轻度。
大量误服出现典型急性有机磷中毒症状。表现为头昏、头痛、乏力、恶必、腹泻、流涎等。

二、毒理学资料及环境行为
毒性：属低毒类。
急性毒性：LD5060mg/kg(大鼠经口)；750mg/kg(兔经皮) ；人经口30mg/kg，致死剂量。
水生生物忍度限量(48小时)：鲤鱼为40ppm以上
动物经口进入体内，在胆碱酯酶活性受抑制之前中毒症状尚未出现时，能出现麻醉，而在胆碱酶出现抑制时，麻醉养成便恢复。有人认为麻醉作用可能是由于大剂量乐果本身所致。而胆碱酯酶的抑制和死亡可能是氧化乐果所致辞。
代谢和降解：乐果在环境中很容易分解。在潮湿的空气中能很快地发生光化学分解，生成水解和氧化产物。据原苏联提供的资料，在普通土壤中，乐果14天的分解率为77%。
残留与蓄积：乐果能较快地被土壤中的微生物分解，作为碳、氮和磷的来源。乐果的半衰期为122天，但在土壤中的残留仅4天。
迁移转化：由于乐果具有较高的挥发性，很容易挥发进入大气。
危险特性：遇明火、高热可燃。与强氧化剂可发生反庆。受热分解，放出磷、硫的氧化物等毒性气体。
燃烧(分解)产物：一氧化碳、氧化硫、氧化氮、氧化磷。
3.现场应急监测方法:
植物酯酶法和底物法《环境化学》19卷2期第187～189页韩承辉等
直接进水样气相色谱法
4.实验室监测方法:
气相色谱法(GB13192-91)(水质)
气相色谱法(GB/T5009.20-1996，食品)
盐酸萘乙二胺比色法《空气中有害物质的测定方法》(第二版)，杭士平主编
5.环境标准:
中国(TJ36-79) 车间空气中有害物质最高容许浓度 1mg/m3
前苏联(1975) 居民区大气中最高容许浓度 0.005mg/m3(一次值；日均值)
前苏联(1978) 环境空气中最高容许浓度 0.003mg/m3(一次值；日均值)
中国(GB11607-89) 渔业水质标准 0.1mg/L
中国(GHZB1-1999) 地表水环境质量标准(I、II、III类水域) 0.0001mg/L
中国(待颁布) 饮用水源水中有害物质的最高容许浓度 0.08mg/L
中国(GB8978-1996) 污水综合排放标准 一级：不得检出
二级：1.0mg/L
三级：2.0mg/L
中国(GB5127-85) 食品中有机磷农药的允许标准 1.0mg/kg(蔬菜、水果)
6.应急处理处置方法:
在食用作物上施药后7天方可采收食用；梅、杏树易产生药害不可使用；避免皮肤接触。
一、泄漏应急措施
疏散泄漏污染区人员至安全区，禁止无关人员进入污染区，建议应急处理人员戴自给式呼吸器，穿化学防护服。不要直接接触泄漏物，用砂土或其它不燃材料吸附或吸收。收集运至废物处理场所处置。也可大量水冲洗，洗水稀释后放入废水系统。大量泄漏收集回收或运至废物处理场所处置。
二、防护措施
呼吸系统防护：生产操作或农业使用时，佩戴防毒口罩。紧急事态抢救或逃生时，应该佩带自给式呼吸器。
眼睛防护：戴安全防护眼镜。
防护服：穿相应的防护服。
手防护：戴防护手套。
其它：工作现场禁止吸烟、进食和饮水。工作后，淋浴更衣。单独存放被毒物污染的衣服，洗后再用。注意个人清洁卫生。
三、急救措施
皮肤接触：立即脱去污染的衣着，用肥皂水及清水彻底冲洗污染的皮肤、头发、指甲等。就医。
眼睛接触：立即提起眼睑，用流动清水冲洗10分钟或用2%碳酸氢钠溶液冲洗。就医。
吸入：迅速脱离现场至空气新鲜处。呼吸困难时给输氧。呼吸停止时，立即进行人工呼吸。就医。
食入：误服者给饮大量温水，催吐，可用温水或1：5000高锰酸钾液彻底洗胃。或用2%碳酸氢钠反复洗胃。就医。
灭火方法：消防人员须佩戴防毒面具。灭火剂：抗溶性泡沫、干粉、砂土。

海关数据

中国海关编码：2930909063

概述：

2930909063 乐果、益硫磷、氧乐果等〔包括甲拌磷、乙拌磷、虫螨磷、果虫磷〕 退税率:9.0% 监管条件:S(进出口农药登记证明)

申报要素：

品名, 成分含量, 用途

监管条件：

S.进出口农药登记证明

摘要/Summary：

2930909063 o,o-dimethyl s-(2-(methylamino)-2-oxoethyl) phosphorothioate。supervision conditions:s(import or export registration certificate for pesticides)。VAT:17.0%。tax rebate rate:9.0%。MFN tarrif:6.5%。general tariff:30.0%

分子结构与计算化学数据

分子结构数据

1、摩尔折射率：54.45

2、摩尔体积（cm³/mol）：175.7

3、等张比容（90.2K）：467.6

4、表面张力（dyne/cm）：50.1

5、极化率（10^-24cm³）：21.58

计算化学数据

1.疏水参数计算参考值（XlogP）:无

2.氢键供体数量:1

3.氢键受体数量:5

4.可旋转化学键数量:5

5.互变异构体数量:2

6.拓扑分子极性表面积105

7.重原子数量:12

8.表面电荷:0

9.复杂度:191

10.同位素原子数量:0

11.确定原子立构中心数量:0

12.不确定原子立构中心数量:0

13.确定化学键立构中心数量:0

14.不确定化学键立构中心数量:0

15.共价键单元数量:1