英语词典化工词典

2-Methyl-1-propanol

2-Methyl-1-propanol


  • 中文别名:异丁醇
  • 中文释义:异丁醇;1-羟基-3-甲基丙烷;2-甲基-1-丙醇;異丙基甲醇;2-甲-1-丙醇;2-甲基丙醇;2-甲
  • 英文别名:isobutanol;
    2-Methyl-1-propanol;
    2-methylpropan-1-ol 
  • CAS No.:78-83-1
  • 分子式:

    C4H10O

  • 分子量:74.12
  • 精确分子量:74.07320
  • PSA:20.23000
  • MDL:MFCD00004740
  • InChI:InChI=1/C4H10O/c1-4(2)3-5/h4-5H,3H2,1-2H3
  • 分子结构式:

物化性质

外观与性状:
无色液体和有一种特有的气味
密度:
0.803 g/mL at 25 °C(lit.)
熔点:
−108 °C(lit.)
沸点:
108 °C(lit.)
闪点:
82 °F
水溶解性:
95 g/L (20 ºC)
折射率:
n20/D 1.396(lit.)
蒸汽密度:
2.55 (vs air)
存储条件/存储方法:
库房通风低温干燥,与氧化剂、酸类分开存放
稳定性相关:

1.易燃,其蒸气与空气可形成爆炸性混合物,遇明火、高热能引起燃烧爆炸。受热分解放出有毒气体。与氧化剂能发生强烈反应。

2.稳定性[21]稳定

3.禁配物[22]强酸、强氧化剂、酸酐、酰基氯

4.避免接触的条件[23]受热

5.聚合危害[24]不聚合

其它信息:

1.性状:无色透明液体,微有戊醇味。[1]

2.熔点(℃):-108[2]

3.沸点(℃):107.9[3]

4.相对密度(水=1):0.81(15℃)[4]

5.相对蒸气密度(空气=1):2.55[5]

6.饱和蒸气压(kPa):1.17(20℃)[6]

7.燃烧热(kJ/mol):-2667.7[7]

8.临界温度(℃):274.6[8]

9.临界压力(MPa):4.3[9]

10.辛醇/水分配系数:0.76[10]

11.闪点(℃):28(CC);37.7(OC)[11]

12.引燃温度(℃):415[12]

13.爆炸上限(%):10.9[13]

14.爆炸下限(%):1.2[14]

15.溶解性:溶于水,易溶于乙醇、乙醚。[15]

16.生成热(KJ/mol):-339.4

17.熔化热(KJ/kg):125.2

18.比热容(KJ/(kg·K),定压):2.39

19.沸点上升常数:2.01

20.电导率(S/m):8×10-8

21.热导率(W/(m·K),0ºC):15.49

22.体膨胀系数(K-1,20ºC):0.00095

23.临界密度(g·cm-3):0.271

24.临界体积(cm3·mol-1):274

25.临界压缩因子:0.258

26.偏心因子:0.589

27.Lennard-Jones参数(A):13.73

28.Lennard-Jones参数(K):158.5

29.溶度参数(J·cm-3)0.5:23.751

30.van der Waals面积(cm2·mol-1):7.620×109

31.van der Waals体积(cm3·mol-1):52.390

32.气相标准燃烧热(焓)(kJ·mol-1):2720.10

33.气相标准声称热(焓)( kJ·mol-1) :-283.09

34.相标准燃烧热(焓)(kJ·mol-1):-2669.27

35.液相标准声称热(焓)( kJ·mol-1):-333.93

36.液相标准熵(J·mol-1·K-1) :214.5

37.液相标准生成自由能( kJ·mol-1):-165.85

38.液相标准热熔(J·mol-1·K-1):181.0

安全信息

外观与性状:
无色液体和有一种特有的气味
密度:
0.803 g/mL at 25 °C(lit.)
熔点:
−108 °C(lit.)
沸点:
108 °C(lit.)
闪点:
82 °F
水溶解性:
95 g/L (20 ºC)
折射率:
n20/D 1.396(lit.)
蒸汽密度:
2.55 (vs air)
存储条件/存储方法:
库房通风低温干燥,与氧化剂、酸类分开存放
稳定性相关:

1.易燃,其蒸气与空气可形成爆炸性混合物,遇明火、高热能引起燃烧爆炸。受热分解放出有毒气体。与氧化剂能发生强烈反应。

2.稳定性[21]稳定

3.禁配物[22]强酸、强氧化剂、酸酐、酰基氯

4.避免接触的条件[23]受热

5.聚合危害[24]不聚合

其它信息:

1.性状:无色透明液体,微有戊醇味。[1]

2.熔点(℃):-108[2]

3.沸点(℃):107.9[3]

4.相对密度(水=1):0.81(15℃)[4]

5.相对蒸气密度(空气=1):2.55[5]

6.饱和蒸气压(kPa):1.17(20℃)[6]

7.燃烧热(kJ/mol):-2667.7[7]

8.临界温度(℃):274.6[8]

9.临界压力(MPa):4.3[9]

10.辛醇/水分配系数:0.76[10]

11.闪点(℃):28(CC);37.7(OC)[11]

12.引燃温度(℃):415[12]

13.爆炸上限(%):10.9[13]

14.爆炸下限(%):1.2[14]

15.溶解性:溶于水,易溶于乙醇、乙醚。[15]

16.生成热(KJ/mol):-339.4

17.熔化热(KJ/kg):125.2

18.比热容(KJ/(kg·K),定压):2.39

19.沸点上升常数:2.01

20.电导率(S/m):8×10-8

21.热导率(W/(m·K),0ºC):15.49

22.体膨胀系数(K-1,20ºC):0.00095

23.临界密度(g·cm-3):0.271

24.临界体积(cm3·mol-1):274

25.临界压缩因子:0.258

26.偏心因子:0.589

27.Lennard-Jones参数(A):13.73

28.Lennard-Jones参数(K):158.5

29.溶度参数(J·cm-3)0.5:23.751

30.van der Waals面积(cm2·mol-1):7.620×109

31.van der Waals体积(cm3·mol-1):52.390

32.气相标准燃烧热(焓)(kJ·mol-1):2720.10

33.气相标准声称热(焓)( kJ·mol-1) :-283.09

34.相标准燃烧热(焓)(kJ·mol-1):-2669.27

35.液相标准声称热(焓)( kJ·mol-1):-333.93

36.液相标准熵(J·mol-1·K-1) :214.5

37.液相标准生成自由能( kJ·mol-1):-165.85

38.液相标准热熔(J·mol-1·K-1):181.0

毒理性

CHEMICAL IDENTIFICATION

RTECS NUMBER :
NP9625000
CHEMICAL NAME :
Isobutyl alcohol
CAS REGISTRY NUMBER :
78-83-1
BEILSTEIN REFERENCE NO. :
1730878
LAST UPDATED :
199806
DATA ITEMS CITED :
44
MOLECULAR FORMULA :
C4-H10-O
MOLECULAR WEIGHT :
74.14
WISWESSER LINE NOTATION :
Q1Y1&1

HEALTH HAZARD DATA

ACUTE TOXICITY DATA

TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION :
2460 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
TYPE OF TEST :
LCLo - Lowest published lethal concentration
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Inhalation
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION :
8000 ppm/4H
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Intraperitoneal
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION :
720 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Intravenous
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION :
340 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Intraperitoneal
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION :
544 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Liver - other changes
TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Intravenous
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION :
417 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
TYPE OF TEST :
LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Intravenous
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Mammal - cat
DOSE/DURATION :
725 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
TYPE OF TEST :
LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rabbit
DOSE/DURATION :
3750 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Behavioral - general anesthetic
TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Administration onto the skin
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rabbit
DOSE/DURATION :
3400 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Intraperitoneal
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rabbit
DOSE/DURATION :
323 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Intraperitoneal
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - guinea pig
DOSE/DURATION :
1201 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Intraperitoneal
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - hamster
DOSE/DURATION :
1401 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION :
93 gm/kg/13W-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Behavioral - somnolence (general depressed activity) Nutritional and Gross Metabolic - changes in potassium Related to Chronic Data - death
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION :
29 gm/kg/71W-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Tumorigenic - equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteria Skin and Appendages - tumors Blood - leukemia
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Subcutaneous
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION :
9 gm/kg/78W-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Tumorigenic - Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria Gastrointestinal - tumors Liver - tumors

MUTATION DATA

TYPE OF TEST :
Mutation in microorganisms
TEST SYSTEM :
Bacteria - Escherichia coli
REFERENCE :
ABMGAJ Acta Biologica et Medica Germanica. (Berlin, Ger. Dem. Rep.) V.1-41, 1958-82. For publisher information, see BBIADT. Volume(issue)/page/year: 23,843,1969 *** REVIEWS *** ACGIH TLV-TWA 152 mg/m3 (50 ppm) DTLVS* The Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) booklet issues by American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH), Cincinnati, OH, 1996 Volume(issue)/page/year: TLV/BEI,1997 *** U.S. STANDARDS AND REGULATIONS *** MSHA STANDARD-air:TWA 100 ppm (300 mg/m3) DTLVS* The Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) booklet issues by American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH), Cincinnati, OH, 1996 Volume(issue)/page/year: 3,140,1971 OSHA PEL (Gen Indu):8H TWA 100 ppm (300 mg/m3) CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year: 29,1910.1000,1994 OSHA PEL (Construc):8H TWA 100 ppm (300 mg/m3) CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year: 29,1926.55,1994 OSHA PEL (Shipyard):8H TWA 100 ppm (300 mg/m3) CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year: 29,1915.1000,1993 OSHA PEL (Fed Cont):8H TWA 100 ppm (300 mg/m3) CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year: 41,50-204.50,1994 *** OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE LIMITS *** OEL-AUSTRALIA:TWA 50 ppm (150 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-AUSTRIA:TWA 100 ppm (300 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-BELGIUM:TWA 50 ppm (152 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-DENMARK:STEL 50 ppm (150 mg/m3);Skin JAN 1993 OEL-FRANCE:TWA 50 ppm (150 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-GERMANY:TWA 100 ppm (300 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-JAPAN:TWA 50 ppm (150 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-THE NETHERLANDS:TWA 50 ppm (150 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-THE PHILIPPINES:TWA 100 ppm (300 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-RUSSIA:TWA 50 ppm;STEL 10 mg/m3;Skin JAN 1993 OEL-SWITZERLAND:TWA 50 ppm (150 mg/m3);STEL 100 ppm (300 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-UNITED KINGDOM:TWA 50 ppm (150 mg/m3);STEL 75 ppm JAN 1993 OEL IN BULGARIA, COLOMBIA, JORDAN, KOREA check ACGIH TLV OEL IN NEW ZEALAND, SINGAPORE, VIETNAM check ACGIH TLV *** NIOSH STANDARDS DEVELOPMENT AND SURVEILLANCE DATA ***NIOSH RECOMMENDED EXPOSURE LEVEL (REL) : NIOSH REL TO ISOBUTYL ALCOHOL-air:10H TWA 50 ppmREFERENCE : NIOSH* National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, U.S. Dept. of Health, Education, and Welfare, Reports and Memoranda. Volume(issue)/page/year: DHHS #92-100,1992NIOSH OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE SURVEY DATA : NOHS - National Occupational Hazard Survey (1974) NOHS Hazard Code - 40430 No. of Facilities: 16985 (estimated) No. of Industries: 181 No. of Occupations: 98 No. of Employees: 107310 (estimated) NOES - National Occupational Exposure Survey (1983) NOES Hazard Code - 40430 No. of Facilities: 15449 (estimated) No. of Industries: 155 No. of Occupations: 99 No. of Employees: 256975 (estimated) No. of Female Employees: 49376 (estimated)
毒理学数据:

1.急性毒性[16]

LD50:2460mg/kg(大鼠经口);3400mg/kg(兔经皮)

LC50:19200mg/m3(大鼠吸入,4h);15500mg/m3(小鼠吸入,2h)

2.刺激性 暂无资料

3.致突变性[17] 微生物致突变:大肠杆菌25000ppm

生态数据:

1.生态毒性[18]

LC50:1.43×106mg/L(96h)(鱼类)

IC50:290mg/L(72h)(藻类)

2.生物降解性[19]

好氧生物降解性(h):43~173

厌氧生物降解性(h):172~692

3.非生物降解性[20]

水中光氧化半衰期(h):4813~1.90×105

空气中光氧化半衰期(h):9.96~99.6

MSDS

第二部分:成分 / 组成信息

分子结构与计算化学数据

分子结构数据

1、摩尔折射率:22.07

2、摩尔体积(cm3/mol):92.4

3、等张比容(90.2K):205.4

4、表面张力(dyne/cm):24.3

5、极化率(10-24cm3):8.75

计算化学数据

1.疏水参数计算参考值(XlogP):无

2.氢键供体数量:1

3.氢键受体数量:1

4.可旋转化学键数量:1

5.互变异构体数量:无

6.拓扑分子极性表面积20.2

7.重原子数量:5

8.表面电荷:0

9.复杂度:17.6

10.同位素原子数量:0

11.确定原子立构中心数量:0

12.不确定原子立构中心数量:0

13.确定化学键立构中心数量:0

14.不确定化学键立构中心数量:0

15.共价键单元数量:1

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